Creon. Oedipus’ uncle. King of Thebes. Killed Antigone.

Crete. c6100BC Knossos civilization. 3500BC Minoan. 1100BC Greek 67BC Rome. 826 Saracen. 960 Byzantine. 1205 Venice. 1669 Ottoman. 1912 Greece. 1941-45 Germany occupies.

Crete, Battle. 1941. First German airborne invasion.

Crimean War. 1853-6. Russian attempt to get a Mediterranean port stopped by Turkey, England, France, Sardinia. Dispute over Holy places in Palestine.

Cripps Mission. 1942. British attempt to negotiate India’s aid in WWII.

Crispi, Francesco. 1819-1901. Italian Prime Minister 1887~96. Thousand.

Crispin and Crispinian, Sts. -c285. Martyred patron saints of shoemakers.

Croatia. Balkans. 812 Croatia. 1089 +Hungary. 1527 Ottoman/Hapsburg. 1918 Yugoslavia. 1920 +Dalmatia. 1941 Independent. 1945 Yugoslavia. 1992 Independent Republic.

Croesus. -546BC. Last King of Lydia 560-.

Croker, JW. 1833. Coined ’Conservative’ for Tory.

Crompton, Samuel. 1753-1827. Invented spinning mule, 1779.

Cromwell, Oliver. 1599-1658. Led revolution in England, 1649. Lord Protector of the Realm, 1653-. Commonwealth Head of Government, 1649-. Signed Charles I death warrant.

Crookes, William. 1832-1919. English physicist. Invented Crookes tube. Discovered thallium. Radiometer.

Crosby, Bing. 1904-77. US singer and actor. White Christmas-best selling record until 1998.

Crucifixion. Abolished 4C by Constantine.

Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.

Cuban Missile Crisis. 1962. Kennedy blockades Cuba to prevent Soviet missile installation.

Cubism. 1907. Braque and Picasso reduce painting to minimum geometric forms. Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907. Term coined by Braque 1909.

Cubism, Synthetic. 1913. Braque and Picasso create a collage form of painting.

Cuchulain. Legendary powerful Irish warrior.

Cugnot, Joseph. 1725-1804. French engineer. First steam car, 1769.

Culpeper’s Rebellion. 1677-79. Carolina colonists vs England. Establish their own government.

Cultural Revolution. 1966-9. Mao’s Red Guards purge China of bourgeois, capitalist elements.

Cumae. 750BC-1205. Oldest Greek colony in Italy. Near Naples.

Cummings, e.e. 1894-1962. Eccentric US poet. Tulips and Chimneys 1923.

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