Revere, Paul. 1735-1818. Silversmith. American Revolution hero. 1775 Midnight ride warned militia of British troops marching on Concord.

Rhea. Greek fertility goddess. Mother of most gods.

Rhineland. German Rhine bank. Hitler defied Treaty of Versailles by militarizing area 1936.

Rizal, José. 1861-96. Philippine writer/leader vs Spanish rule. Executed.

Robert Guiscard. 1015-85. Norman. Conquered and founded Two Sicilies.

Robespierre, Maximilien de. 1758-94. Jacobin extremist French revolutionary leader. Opposed Cult of Reason. Led Terror. Executed.

Rococo. Art and Architecture 1720-70. Last stage of Baroque. Shell shaped motif in ornamentation. Dainty, graceful, ornate, smiling. Watteau. Boucher. Fragonard.

Roger I. 1031-1101. Brother, ally of Robert Guiscard. Ruled Two Sicilies 1085-.

Rosenberg, Julius, Ethel. 1918,1916-53. First US civilians executed for spying for Soviet Union.

Rosetta Stone. 196BC Multilingual stone used by Champollion to decipher hieroglyphics 1821.

Roth, Philip. 1933-. US novelist Goodbye Columbus 1959. Portnoy’s Complaint 1969.

Rush-Bagot, Convention. 1817. Demilitarized Canada-US border.

Rykov, Aleksey. 1881-1938. Russian Bolshevik leader. Opposed Stalin. Rehabilitated 1988.

Sacre Coeur. Paris basilica built 1873-1910 by Abadie, at a cost of FF40 million.

Saint-Just, Louis de. 1767-94. French revolutionary leader. Ally of Robespierre.

Saionji Kimmochi, Prince. 1849-1940. Japanese Prime Minister 1901~12. Tried to moderate militarism.

Salic Law. 6C penal code issued by Clovis. Incorrectly cited 14-19C to limit royal succession to males; Spain by Philip V, 1713. Victoria. Isabella II.

Sallust. c86-34BC. Roman historian. Expelled from Senate for immorality. Catilina.

Salpêtrière. 1656. Established by Louis XIV to care for the 55,000 beggars on the streets of Paris. Pinel.

Santos-Dumont, Alberto. 1873-1932. Brazilian aviator in Europe, 1906. Monoplanes 1909.

Sarmiento, Domingo. 1811-88. First civilian Argentine president. 1868-74.

Sartre, Jean-Paul. 1905-80. French existentialist philosopher: L’Etre et le Néant 1943. Social responsibility of freedom. (refused).

Saturn. Roman god of agriculture and civilization. = Cronus. Saturnalia festival influenced Christmas.

Scheidemann, Philipp. 1865-1939. First chancellor of Weimar Republic 1918.

Schlieffen Plan. 1905 German military strategy to conquer France. Failed in WWI but succeeded in WWII.

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