Megalopolis. 370-222BC. Greek city destroyed by Spartan Cleomenes III.

Memnon. Ethiopian king killed at Troy by Achilles.

Milan. c400BC Celtic. 222BC Rome. 539 Goths destroy. 12C Independent. 1277 Visconti. 1450 Sforzas. 1535 Spain. 1713 Austria. 1797 Napoleon. 1815 Austria. 1859 Sardinia. 1861 Italy.

Nagasaki. Japanese city destroyed by 2nd A-bomb, Aug 9, 1945.

Native Land Acts. 1862, 65-92. New Zealand abolishes tribal land ownership, destroying traditional Maori society.

Nebuchadnezzar II. c638-562BC. King of Babylon. 586 Destroyed Jerusalem and Temple. Babylonian Captivity. Built Hanging Gardens.

Odysseus. Hero of Odyssey. Conquered Troy. =Ulysses.

Ottoman Empire. 1300-1922. Turkish empire in Balkans, Near East, N Africa. Conquered Byzantine Empire. 1402 Destroyed by Tamerlane. 1413 Rebuilt by Mehmed. 1453 Conquered Constantinople. Eastern Question. Mehmed II. Süleiman the Magnificent. Turkey.

Palladium. Sacred image of Athena protecting Troy. Stolen by Odysseus.

Palmyra. 19C BC. Syrian city “founded by Solomon”. 3C AD + Syria, Egypt. 273 Rome destroys.

Philoctetes. Mythical Greek warrior. Killed Paris at Troy.

Pompeii. Destroyed 79 by Vesuvius eruption. Rediscovered 1592.

Priam. Last king of Troy. Father of Paris, Hector.

Punic Wars. 264-241BC Rome gains Sicily from Carthage. Mylae. 218-201BC Rome defeats Hannibal attack, gains Spain. 149-146BC Rome destroys Carthage.

Sargon II. King of Assyria c722-705BC. Destroyed kingdom of Israel. Conquered Samaria, Babylon.

Schley, Winfield. 1839-1911. Destroyed Spanish fleet at Santiago.

Schliemann, Heinrich. 1822-90. German amateur archeologist. Discovered Troy 1871, Mycenae 1875.

Scipio Africanus Minor. 185-129BC. Roman Consul, censor, general. Conquered, destroyed Carthage.

Scythians. 8/7-2C BC. Nomadic conquerors of S Europe, Russia. Conquered by Samaritans. Destroyed 2C AD.

Sennacherib. -681BC. Assyrian king. Besieged Jerusalem 701. Destroyed Babylon 689. Rebuilt Nineveh.

Seven Oaks Massacre. 1816. Northwest Company. agents kill 20 settlers in Red River rivalry with Hudson Bay Company. Settlement destroyed.

Singapore. 13-14C Malay city. 1377 Javanese destroy. 1819 Raffles refounds. 1867 «Straits Settlements. 1942-45 Japanese occupy. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Federation of Malaysia. 1965 Independent republic.

Sluis, Battle. 1340. French fleet destroyed by English.

Sodom. c1900BC. Biblical city destroyed for wickedness. Gomorrah.

Sparta. 9C BC-396. A dominant Greek city-state 6-4C BC. Peloponnesian War defeated rival Athens. 396 Visigoths destroy.

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