Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1712-78. Swiss Enlightenment philosopher and writer. Began Romantic Movement. Stimulated French and American Revolutions. On Equality 1753. Social Contract 1762 influenced French Revolution (offended authorities), Confessions 1782. Man is prevented from being free only by society and cold science. Goodness and bounty of nature. Goodness of man. Advocates direct democracy at City-State level and dictatorship above. Sovereignty rests with people. General will aims at best for all.

Royal Academy of Arts. 1768. 40 members. Based on Hogarth’s Society of Independent Artists.

Royal Society. 1660. English publisher of scientific Philosophical Transactions since 1665.

Royal Society of Arts. 1754.

Savonarola, Girolamo. 1452-98. Led Florence 1494- after Medici overthrow. Reformer against vice and corruption in the church and society. Burned books, paintings, luxuries. Hung+burned.

Shaw, George Bernard. 1856-1950. Irish socialist writer/dramatist of wit and satire. Man and Superman 1903. Pygmalian 1913. St. Joan 1923. Fabian.

Socialist Revolutionary Party. 1901-22. Russia. Sought classless society. Suppressed by Bolsheviks.

Society of Jesus. Jesuits.

Steiner, Rudolf. 1861-1925. Founded Anthroposophical Society 1912.

Tammany Society. 1789-. Powerful NY Democratic party association.

Tappan, Arthur. 1786-1865. US abolitionist. Founded Anti-Slavery Society 1833.

Tawney, Richard. 1880-1962. British critic of affluent society. Acquisitive Society.

Technocracy. 1931- US movement advocating reorganization of society on technological principles.

Tweed, William. 1823-78. NY city “boss” controlled patronage through Tammany Society. Exposed by NY Times.

Webb, Sidney. 1859-1947. Beatrice. 1858-1943. British Fabian Socialists. Founded London School of Economics, New Statesman 1913.

Yellow Turban Rebellion. 184-204. Chinese secret society vs Emperor. Fall of Han dynasty. Ts’ao Ts’ao.