Anville, J.B. d’. 1697-1782. French cartographer known for accuracy.

Apartheid. 1948-1994. Racial segregation in South Africa.

Apelles. 4C BC. Greek painter. No surviving works.

Aphrodite. Greek goddess of love and beauty, Roman Venus.

Apollo. Greek/Roman perfection of male beauty, god of prophecy, song and music.

Apollo Program. 1961-72. US moon mission. Apollo 11 landing 1969.

Apollonius of Perga. c262-190BC. Greek mathematician: named conic sections: ellipse, hyperbola, parabola.

Appeasement Policy. 1937-9. British yield to Nazi demands in hope of maintaining peace. Munich Agreement. Gentleman’s Agreement.

Appian of Alexander. 2C. Greek/Roman historian.

Aquila Ponticus. 2C. Translated Old Testament from Hebrew to Greek. Version adopted by Jews.

Arab League. 1945. Non-aggression and cooperation treaty of Arab states. Collective Treaty of Defence, 1950, to defend against Israeli aggression.

Arcadia. Ancient Greek region of Peloponnesus. Megalopolis.

Arcadian. Venetian paintings with Greek gods in Italian dress.

Archaic Period of Greek Art. c650-500BC. Egyptian influenced sculpture. Mythological vase painting.

Archimedes. 287-212BC. Greek mathematician: lever, screw. Principle of displacement of liquid. Screw pump 260BC. Catapult 215BC.

Archons. Ancient Greek chief magistrates.

Ares. Greek god of war, Roman =Mars.

Argonauts. Greek heroes who pursued the golden fleece.

Argos. Greek city-state. Dominated Peloponnesus 7C BC.

Arion. Greek bard rescued by dolphin.

Aristotle. 384-322BC. Greek philosopher, founder of Peripatetics: Unified theory of knowledge. Matter, potentially alive, strives to attain its living form. Stressed observation and logic. Deductive Reasoning. Free Will.

Armed Neutrality at Sea. 1780-1801. Agreement that neutral flag at sea protects all but military goods.

Armenia. 9C BC Vannic kingdom. 8C BC Persians, Assyrians, Armenians settle. 521BC Persian. 331BC Alexander...Seleucid. 298 Rome. 387 Persia/Byzantine. 7C Moslem. 885 Independent kingdom. 1071 Seljuk. 13C Mongol. 1405 Ottoman/Persian. 1514 Ottoman. 1918 Independent. 1920 Russia/Turkey. 1990 Independent. CIS.

Arsonval, Arsène d’. 1851-1940. French doctor and physicist. Electricity in body mvmt.

Artemis. Greek goddess of hunting. =Roman Diana.

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