Clement VII. Antipope 1378-94. Avignon. Election caused Great Schism.

Clement VIII. Antipope 1423-29. Ended Great Schism.

Clocks. 3500BC Gnomon. 2000BC Chinese. 8C BC sundial 4C BC Greek water clock. 300BC hemispherical sundial 160BC Rome. 12C mechanical. 1379 de Vick. 1657 Huygens pendulum.

Cloud, St. (Clodoald). Grandson of Clovis I.

Club of Rome. Published 1972 Limits to Growth showing the dangers of overpopulation.

Cold War. 1946-90. Alternating crisis and detente between west and east, begun with Russia breaking Potsdam Agreement and creating communist regimes in East Germany and Czechoslovakia.

Colombia. 1502. Columbus discovers. 1538 Spain 1819 Gran Colombia. 1830 Colombia. 1946-64 La Violencia.

Comédie-Francaise. Oldest National theatre. Founded by Louis XIV in 1680. Molière.

Comus. Greek god of mirth and joy.

Conciliarism. 12C-. General Council has greater power than pope. Popular during Great Schism.

Confederation Group. 19C Canadian nationalistic poets. Carmen.

Congregationalism. 1581-. Protestant Church organization of local churches governing themselves. Browne.

Congress, US. Senate and House of Representatives. Legislative branch of government.

Congress (I) Party. 1978-. Split from Congress Party under Indira Gandhi.

Congress Party. 1885-. Indian political party. In power 1947-77.

Congress Poland. 1815-64. Polish Kingdom created by Congress of Vienna. Ruled by Russian Czar.

Congress System. 1815-25. Diplomacy by regular meetings of Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia.

Congreve, William. 1670-1729. English playwright of manners. Way of the World 1700.

Connecticut Compromise. 1787 Constitutional Convention. Bicameral US Congress.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Constantine I. 1868-1923. King of Greece, 1913-17. Refused to support Allies in WWI. Abdicated. Restored 1920-2. Abdicated again.

Constantinople Agreements. 1915. Secret French/British pact to give Dardanelles to Russia after WWI. Bolsheviks repudiated all previous treaties, but publicized secret ones-embarrassing.

Constitution, US. 1787. Effective 1789. Defines government, liberties, basic laws. Amendments I-X 1791 Bill of Rights. XIII 1865 Abolishes slavery. XVIII 1919 Prohibition. XIX 1920 Women suffrage. XXI 1933 Repeals Prohibition. XXVI 1971 Voting age 18.

Continental Congress. 1774-89. US Government until Constitution approved. Proclaimed Declaration of Independence.

Corinth. 1350BC “Founded by Sisyphus”. 243BC Achaean League. 146 Rome destroys, rebuilds 46BC. Byzantine. 1458 Ottoman. 1687 Venice. 1715 Ottoman 1822 Greece.

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