Kulikovo, Battle. 1380. Russia defeats Golden Horde, ending Tatar rule.

Legal Tender Act. 1862. US authorizes paper money without gold backing.

Levites. Hebrew religious teachers, who slaughtered the idolators of the golden calf.

Louis d’Or. 1641-1795. French gold coin.

Meir, Golda. 1898-1978. Israeli Labour Prime Minister 1969-74.

Mercantilism. 16-18C. Economic policy opposed to Adam Smith’s. Regulation of industry and trade. Large armies. Wealth of nation is its gold.

Midas. 7C BC King of Phrygia. Everything he touched, turned to gold.

Middle Kingdom. 2040-1786BC. Golden age of art and commerce in Egypt.

Mindon Min. 1814-78. Burmese king 1853-. Founded Mandalay. Golden age. Ceded lower Burma to British.

Mongol Empire. Asia. Established 1207 by Genghis Khan. Peak included Persia, China, Russia. 1260- Fragmented. Yuan. Golden Horde. Tamerlane.

Nero. 37-68. Cruel, licentious Roman Emperor 54-. Persecuted Christians. Killed mother, wife. Blamed for fire, 63. Golden House.

Nkrumah, Kwame. 1909-72. Gold Coast/Ghana Prime Minister 1952-60, President 60-66.

Odets, Clifford. 1906-63. US playwright of social protest. Waiting for Lefty 1935. Golden Boy 1937.

Omar Khayyam. c1027-1123. Persian mathematician/ poet: Rubaiyat. Specific gravity of gold 1061.

Owens, Jesse. 1913-80. Black US athlete. 4 golds at 1936 Berlin Olympics contradicted Hitler’s Aryan supremacy.

Paris School. 1900-30. Bohemian golden age of arts in Montparnasse.

Phidias. c490-430BC. Greek sculptor. Parthenon frieze. 42 foot gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia. 7 Wonders.

Rimini Golden Bull. 1226. Frederick II grants sovereignty of Prussia to Teutonic knights.

Russia. 9C Slavs, Rus invade. 862-1598 Rurik dynasty. 1240 Mongol Empire of Golden Horde. 1462 Ivan the Great. 16C Unified. 1613 Romanov dynasty. 1917 Communist. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 1991 Russian Federation. CIS.

Sherman Silver Purchase Act. 1890-3. US increases silver purchases. Fears of gold standard abandonment started 1893 Panic.

Siberia. 13C Mongol(S)...Golden Horde(W)/ Yüan(E). 1483 Russia explores. 1581 Khanate overthrown. 1689 Russo-Chinese border settled. 1891-1905 Trans-Siberian Railway.

Strauss, Joseph. 1870-1938. Golden Gate Bridge 1937.

Sutter, John. 1803-80. Owned California land on which gold was discovered 1848.

Tamerlane. 1336-1405. Barbaric Mongol Moslem conquerer. First of Timurid line. Routed Golden Horde. Conquered Ottomans 1402. Mehmed I.

T’ang. 618-907. Chinese dynasty. Golden Age. Overthrown by provincial warlords.

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