Zabern Affair. 1913. Riots caused by German military rule in Alsace-Lorraine.

Zadar. Dalmatia. 9C BC Liburnian colony. 1C BC Rome...Byzantine. 1409 Venice. 1797 Austria. 1808 France, «Illyrian Kingdom. 1813 Austria. 1918 Italy. 1944 Yugoslavia.

Zaghlul, Sa’d. 1857-1927. Egyptian Wafd leader for independence from Britain. Prime Minister 1924.

Zaimis, Alexander. 1855-1936. Greek Prime Minister 1897~1928. President 1929-35. Exiled 1935-.

Zaire. Bantu. 1482 Portugal explores. 1885 Personal holding of Leopold II = Congo Free State. 1908 Belgian Congo. 1960 Independent. 1971 =Zaire. 1997 Democratic Republic of Congo.

Zama, Battle. 202BC. Rome defeats Hannibal near Carthage. Punic Wars.

Zambia. 1851 Livingstone explores. 1890 British South Africa Company =Northern Rhodesia. 1953 +Nyasaland. 1964 Independent Zambia.

Zamenhof, L. 1859-1917. Polish Esperanto language inventor 1887.

Zamora Treaty. 1143. Portugal independent of Alfonso VII of Castile.

Zangi. 1084-1146. Seljuk ruler. Defeated crusaders. Established Zangid dynasty in Middle East 1127-1250.

ZANU. Zimbabwe African National Union. 1963-. Founded by Mugabe vs white minority rule. 1987 +ZAPU.

Zanzibar. 1499 Portugal explores. 1698 Muscat +Oman. 18-19C Slave source. 1861 Independent sultanate. 1890 British protectorate. 1963 Independent. 1964 +Tanganyika = Tanzania.

ZAPU. Patriotic Front. Zimbabwe African People’s Union. 1961-. Founded by Nkomo vs white minority rule in Rhodesia. 1987 Merged with ZANU.

Zara, Siege. 1202. Fourth Crusaders aid Venice attack rebelling Zadar.

Zeami Motokiyo. 1363-1443. Japanese No drama theorist, playwright. Kaden-sho 1400.

Zedekiah. King of Judah 597-586BC. Defeated by Nebuchadnezzar.

Zeebrugge, Raid. 1918. Allied attempt to block harbour, trapping German submarines, warships.

Zeeman, Pieter. 1865-1943. Dutch physicist. Magnetic effect on light polarization.

Zehrfuss. French architect: UNESCO bldg.

Zelaya, José. 1853-1919. Nicaraguan president 1894-1909. Attempted to unify Central America by force and revolution 1909.

Zen Buddhism. 6C-. Sect founded by Bodhidharma. Sudden Enlightenment by meditation on Koan paradoxes. 1191 imported to Japan.

Zenger, John. 1697-1746. US publisher. Libel acquittal based on being fact 1735, key to freedom of press.

Zeno of Citium. c335-263BC. Greek founder of Stoicism. Early anarchist: “Compulsion perverts the nature of man”.

Zeno of Elea. Paradox: Arrow can never reach its target because it progresses in ever decreasing fractions of distance remaining. ½,¼... First use of dialectic reasoning.

Zenta, Battle. 1697. Austria defeats Turks, becomes greatest power in Europe.

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