San Ildefonso, Treaty. 1796. France, Spain allied vs England. 1801 Secret exchange: Louisiana to France, Etruria to Spain.

San Juan Hill, Battle. 1898. Part of Battle of Santiago. US defeat Spain in Cuba. Roosevelt. Rough Riders.

San Martin, José de. 1778-1850. South American independence leader with Bolivar vs Spain in Argentina, Chile, Peru.

San Remo Conference. 1920. Treaty of Sèvres.

San Stefano, Treaty. 1878. Ended Russo-Turkish War. Independence for Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria. Congress of Berlin.

Sancho III. c992-1035. King of Navarre 1000-. Unified Spain. Re-divided it in his will.

Sanctuary, Right of. Established 4C Rome. England until 1623 (criminal), 18C (civil). Europe until 1789. Asylum in church for 1 month.

Sand, George (Aurore Dupin). 1804-76. French writer. Lélia 1833. Mauprat 1837.

Sand Creek Massacre. 1864. Settlers ignore truce flag, kill Cheyenne Indians. = Chivington Massacre.

Sandburg, Carl. 1878-1967. US poet of the people. Chicago 1914.

Sandinistas. 1962-. Nicaraguan Communist guerilla group vs Somoza. Governed 1980-89, despite US Funded Contra rebellion.

Sandwich, Montagu, 4th earl. 1718-92. British politician. Invented sandwich 1762.

Sandys, Edwin. 1561-1629. English parliamentarian. His ideas helped overthrow Charles I.

Sangallo, Antonio da, the Younger. 1483-1546. Florentine architect. Rome’s Palazzo Farnese 1534-46.

Sanger, Margaret. 1883-1966. US feminist. Jailed for birth control clinic 1916.

Sanskrit. Ancient, now sacred Hindu language.

Sansovino, Jacopo. 1486-1570. Florentine sculptor, architect. Introduced High Renaissance to Venice. Library of St. Mark’s.

Santa Anna, Antonio de. 1794-1876. Mexican general, president 1833~47. Defeated at San Jacinto, Mexican War.

Santa Fe Trail. 1820-80. Major migration route from Missouri to New Mexico.

Santander, Francisco. 1792-1840. Ally of Bolivar. President of New Granada 1833-7.

Santayana, George. 1863-1952. Spanish/US philosopher. Life of Reason 1905-6.

Santiago, Battle. 1898. Final Cuban victory over Spain, Spanish American War.

Santo Domingo. Dominican Republic. 1496- Oldest continuous European settlement in western Hemisphere.

Santos, Lucia dos. 1907-. Saw visions of Virgin Mary at Fátima.

Sao Tomé and Principe. 1470 Portugal discovers. 15C Convicts, exiled Jews settle. Important in slave trade. 1951 Portugal Overseas Province. 1975 Independent.

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