Balliol, Edward. -1363. Invaded Scotland 1332. King 1332-56. Ceded crown to ally Edward III.

Balliol, John. c1249-1315. King of Scotland 1292-6. Defeated, deposed by Edward I.

Ballot Act. 1872. Established secret ballot in English Parliamentary elections.

Baltard, Victor. 1805-74. French architect. First to employ metal girders: Les Halles. St-Augustine’s Church.

Balthazar. (Belshazzar). -539BC. Babylonian co-regent. Daniel read writing on his wall 539BC.

Baltic Entente. 1923-39. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania agreement for mutual defence vs Germany and Russia.

Balue, Jean. 1421-91. Cardinal, Minister of Louis XI. Plotted with Louis the Bold vs king.

Bancroft, George. 1800-91. “Father of American history”. History of United States 1834-74.

Banda, Hastings. c1902-97. Autocratic Malawi President 1963-. 1971- “President for Life”.

Bandung Conference. 1955. 29 Asian and African countries oppose colonialism, promote peace.

Bangladesh. c200BC Maurya. 4C BC Gupta. 8C Buddhist(E). 12C Hindu. 13C Turk. 1576-Mogul. 1857 Britain. 1947 = East Pakistan. 1971 Independent = Bangladesh.

Bangorian Controversy. 1717. Dispute over Church of England’s powers.

Bank of England. 1694. Scotland 1695. N. America 1781. France 1800. Ireland 1783.

Banks, Joseph. 1743-1820. English botanist with Cook’s explorations.

Bannister, Roger. 1929-. English. Ran first 4 minute mile at Oxford, 1954.

Bannockburn, Battle. 1314. Scots defeat English, assuring independence. Robert the Bruce.

Banting, Frederick. 1891-1941. Canadian physician: discovered insulin with Best, MacLeod, 1921.

Bantu. Language of 60M natives in Southern Africa.

Baptism. Purification by water as practised by a wide variety of religions.

Baptists. 1608-. Congregationalist Christian church. Baptism for believers only, (not infants).

Bar, Confederation of. 1768-72. Polish RC nobles vs Russian hegemony.

Barbados. Arawak. 1518 Portugal discovers. 1627 English settle. 1966 Independent.

Barbara, St. c200. Maiden martyr at father’s hands, who was struck by lightning. Patron St. of artillerymen.

Barbarians. Greek = foreigners. Roman term for Goths, Huns and Vandals who conquered Western Empire 3-6C.

Barbarossa, Operation. 1941. German invasion of USSR.

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