Rationalism. All truth can be arrived at through thought alone. vs Empiricism. Descartes. Spinoza.

Rauschenberg, Robert. 1925-. US Pop artist. Collage. Trapeze 1964.

Ravachol, François. 1859-92. French anarchist. Guillotined.

Ravenna. 402 Western Roman Empire capital. 476 Ostrogothic capital of Italy. 553 Byzantine. 751 Lombard. 754 Franks. 1278 Papal States. 1441 Venice. 1509 Papal States. 1859 Sardinia. 1861 Italy.

Ray, Man. 1890-1976. US Dada painter/photographer.

Rayleigh, Lord. 1842-1919. English physicist, wave theorist.

Raymond VI. 1156-1222. Fought Albigenses in Crusade.

Read, Herbert. 1893-1968. English critic, poet: Art and Society 1936.

Reagan, Ronald. 1911-2004. US actor, Republican President 1981-9. Tax reform. Strong economy. Aid to Nicaragua Contras. Irangate scandal. Fall of Soviet Empire.

Realism. 19C art movement concerned with recording everyday life. Courbet.

Realism. General concepts have an existence independent of material things or names. Plato. St Anselm.

Reconquista. 11C-1492 Campaign of Christians to recapture Spain, Portugal from Moslems. 1118 Aragon. 1238 Valencia. 1492 Granada.

Reconstruction. 1865-77. Post Civil War US. Military control of south. Civil Rights Act. Carpetbaggers.

Recusants. 16-17C. Refused to attend Anglican church.

Red Brigade. 1970-84. Italian left-wing terrorist group. Moro.

Red Cross. c1863. Dunant founds International relief organization. Geneva Convention 1864. 1881 US. Solferino.

Red Guards. 1966-69. Paramilitary student units during Chinese Cultural Revolution.

Red Hat Rebellion. 1622. Power struggle of Tibetan Buddhists. Yellow Hats prevail.

Redi, Francesco. 1626-97. Italian naturalist. Maggots from fly eggs, not spontaneous generation, 1668.

Reform Bills. England. 1832: Russell redistributes Parliamentary seats, enfranchises renters. 1867: Disraeli enfranchises workers in towns. 1884: Gladstone enfranchises agricultural workers. Representation of People Acts.

Reform Judaism. 19C. German movement vs Orthodox ritualism.

Reformation. 16C religious movement against practices of Roman Catholic church led to founding of Protestant churches. Luther. Calvin. Knox. Zwingli. Henry VIII.

Régence. c1700-30. Decorative arts style: Transition from heavy, linear to Rococo. Watteau.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Regency. England. 1811-20. George, Prince of Wales ruled for insane father, George III.

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