Orange Free State. 1820 Boer colony. 1848 British. 1854 Independent. 1900 British. 1910 Union of South Africa. Boer War.

Orangemen. 1795- Irish Protestant political faction.

Oranges, War of. 1801. France and Spain defeat and divide Portugal.

Orcagna, Andrea. 1308-68. Florentine painter and sculptor.

Orcus. Roman god of underworld and dead. = Hades.

Ordeal, Trial by. -1219. English common form of trial. eg: fire, battle, dunking.

Oregon Question. 1818-46. Britain vs US on Canadian border. Treaty established 49°N 1846.

Oregon Trail. 1840-70. 2,000 mile route from Missouri to Oregon.

Orestes. Electra’s brother. Killed mother and her lover to avenge death of his father, Agamemnon.

Orestes. -476. Roman general. Deposed Nepos for his son, Romulus Augustulus.

Orff, Carl. 1895-1982. Modern German composer. Straightforward. Carmina Burana 1936.

Orgetorix. -60BC. Helvetian chief vs Caesar.

Origen. c185-254. Alexandrian. Sought to justify Christianity in terms of Greek philosophy. On First Principles.

Orion. Greek mythical hunter.

Orlando, Vittorio. 1860-1952. Italian Prime Minister 1917-19. Versailles negotiator.

Orléans, Charles, duc d’. 1394-1465. Fought with Armagnacs vs Burgundians. Captured at Agincourt 1415. Ransomed 1440. Last courtly poet of France.

Orléans, Gaston, duc d’. 1608-60. French prince vs Richelieu. Exiled 1632-2. Led Fronde.

Orléans, Louis, duc d’. 1372-1407. Began Armagnac/Burgundy conflict. Assassinated by supporters of John the Fearless.

Orléans, Louis Philippe, duc d’. 1747-93. Became Citizen Égalité 1892. Joined Third Estate. Father of King Louis-Philippe.

Orléans, Philippe II, duc d’. 1674-1723. French soldier Wars of Grand Alliance, Spanish Succession. Regent for Louis XV.

Orléans, Siege. 1428-9. 8 month English siege ended by Joan of Arc. Turning point of 100 Years War.

Orlov, Grigory, Count. 1734-83. Russian lover of Catherine II; led coup vs Peter III. Advocated liberating Christians from Ottoman rule.

Ormonde, Duke of. 1610-88. Irish Stuart supporter during Civil War.

Orpheus. Mythical Greek poet. Tamed animals with lyre. Music charmed underworld gods in bid to free wife.

Orphic Mysteries. 547BC-. Ascetic Greek cult.

2278 more results ...