Ogmios. Celtic god = Hercules.

OGPU. 1923. Soviet secret police. 1934 NKVD. KGB.

O’Higgins, Bernardo. 1778-1842. Chilean revolutionary, First president. 1818-23. Deposed.

Ohm, Georg. 1787-1854. German physicist: Laws of electric current, 1826.

Oil. Ancient language of N. France. Occitan.

Oisin. (Ossian). 3C. Gaelic warrior bard. Legends of his father Finn MacCool.

Ojibwa. (Chippewa). North American Indians near Great Lakes. Supported French vs British in 7 Years War, British vs Americans in Revolution.

O’Keefe, Georgia. 1887-1986. US semi-abstract artist.

Okinawa, Battle. 1945. US defeat Japanese garrison.

Olaf I. c963-1000. King of Norway 995-. Began conversion to Christianity.

Olaf II. c995-1030. 1015-28. Converted Norway. Patron Saint. First National legislation.

Olaf V. 1903-91 King of Norway 1957-. Commanded army vs Germany in 1944, then fled to England.

Old Age Pensions. 1909 Britain, 1935 US.

Old Catholics. 1870. Catholic sect vs papal infallibility. Joined Church of England 1931.

Old English. 5-11C. Teutonic language of England.

Old Ironsides. 1797. US frigate Constitution. Tripolitan War. War of 1812.

Old Kingdom. c2780-2160BC. Pyramid Age of Egypt.

Old Testament. 10C BC. Hebrew portion of Bible. Apocrypha. Latin Vulgate.

Oldcastle, John. c1378-1417. English soldier. Lollard heretic leader. Model for Falstaff.

Oldenbarneveldt, Jan van. 1547-1619. Dutch statesman vs Spanish occupation. Negotiated Treaty of Utrecht.

Oldenburg. 1180 Independent. 1667 Denmark. 1773 Russia. 1777 Independent. 1834 Prussia. 1853 Zollverein. 1871 German Empire. 1919 Republic. 1945 West Germany.

Oldenburg, Claes. 1929-. Swedish/US Pop art sculptor.

Oleg. -c912. Varangian prince of Kiev, founded Rus state.

Olive Branch Petition. 1775. Moderate Americans attempt to avoid war. Ignored by George III.

Olmecs. c1150-800BC. Mexican Gulf coast civilization.

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