Austen, Jane. 1775-1817. English novelist: Sense and Sensibility, 1811, Pride and Prejudice, 1813. “the exquisite touch which renders the commonplace interesting”-W. Scott. Emma 1816.

Austin, Herbert. 1886-1941. English car manufacturer. Small car pioneer.

Australia. c28,000BC Australoids. 1606 Sighted by Portuguese. 1668 Dampier lands. 1770 Cook claims for England. 1788-1868 Penal colonies. 1901 Independent commonwealth.

Australopithecus. Hominid ancestor to man, discovered in Africa. Lived 1 to 5 million years ago.

Austrasia. 511-751. East Frankish kingdom. Part of Merovingian Empire. 7C Mayors of Palace held power. Carolingian Empire. Clovis. Neustria.

Austria. 400BC Celts. 15BC Rome. 5-7C Huns, Avars ravage. 6C Slovenes settle 8C Charlemagne. 9C Magyar. 955 Otto I...962 HRE. 976 Babenberg(E). 1278 Hapsburg. 1453 Archduchy. 1804 Austrian Empire. 1867 Ausgleich. 1918 Republic. 1938 Germany. 1945 Republic. 1955 Independence from Allies.

Austria-Hungary. 1867-1918 Dual monarchy. Ausgleich.

Austrian Empire. 1804-67. Slowly disintegrating last remnant of Holy Roman Empire.

Austrian Succession, War. 1740-48. Jenkins Ear and King George’s Wars. Maria Theresa recognized. Francis I becomes Holy Roman Emperor. Prussian power shown. Aix-la-Chapelle Treaty. Silesian War.

Austro-Prussian War. 1866. Austria excluded from German Confederation. Austrian influence in Italy ended. Dual Monarchy.

Austro-Turkish War. 1682-99. Siege of Vienna. Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I drives Turks from Hungary.

Auto-da-fé. (Act of Faith). 1481-1850. Sentencing ceremony of Inquisition.

Autobahn. German road system begun by Hitler to reduce unemployment, 1934.

Autumn Harvest Uprising. 1927. Failed Chinese peasant revolt led by Mao.

Avalon. Elysium of Arthurian legend.

Avars. 6-8C. Nomadic Caucasus tribe defeated by Charlemagne.

Aventine Secession. 1924. 150 Italian government members protest Fascist government. Matteotti.

Averescu, Alexandru. 1859-1938. Romanian General and Prime Minister. Suppressed 1907 peasant revolt.

Avignon Papacy. 1309-77. Popes from Clement V based in Avignon, France. Great Schism.

Avignon School. 14-15C. Style of painting influenced by Sienese and Flemish painters during papal residence.

Avogadro, Amadeo. 1776-1856. PV=nRT. Number of molecules in a given quantity of gas 1811.

Awami League. 1954-71. For Bangladesh independence. Rahman.

Axis Pact. 1936-45. German-Italian Agreement, 1936. Cooperative alliance maintained through WWII. Allied with Spain, 1939; Japan, 1936. Yugoslavia 1941. Tripartite Pact.

Ayer, Alfred. 1910-89. British Logical Positivist. Foundation of Empirical Knowledge. Language, Truth and Logic 1936.

Ayyubids. Sunni Caliphate dynasty in Egypt 1169-1250. Also in Yemen, Syria.

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