Montcalm, Louis. 1712-59. French general killed defending Quebec against the English. Seven Years War.

Monte di Pietà. 1463. Italian institute to lend money to poor at low interest.

Montecuccoli, Raimondo. 1609-80. Italian Holy Roman Empire general. Defeated Turks 1664, French 1672-5.

Montenegro. Balkans. 1159 Serbian Empire. 1516 Autonomous, repelling Turk, Serb, Albanian invasions. 1878 Independent. 1910 Kingdom. 1915 Germans occupy. 1918 +Serbia=Yugoslavia. WWII Italy occupies. 1946 Yugoslavia. 1992 +Serbia=Yugoslavia.

Montesquieu, Charles. 1689-1755. French political philosopher. De l’esprit de lois 1748. Idea of separate executive/legislative branches of government adopted in US, France.

Monteverdi, Claudio. 1567-1643. Italian composer. First opera: Orfeo 1607. L’Arianna 1608. Madrigals 1583.

Montez, Lola. 1818-61. Irish dancer. Mistress of Louis I of Bavaria. Power resented, leading to March Revolution 1848. Banished.

Montfort, Simon de. c1165-1218. French leader of crusade against Albigenses. Conquered south France.

Montfort, Simon de. c1208-65. English leader of revolt vs Henry III. Model Parliament was first representative parliament. Defeated and captured at Evesham 1265. Barons War.

Montgolfier, Joseph. 1740-1810. Jacques, 1745-99. Brothers. First hot air balloon 1783.

Montgomery, Bernard. 1887-1976. British Field Marshal. Commanded Allies in France, 1944. Defeated Rommel at El Alamein 1942.

Montgomery, L.M. 1874-1942. Canadian Romantic children’s novelist. Anne of Green Gables 1908.

Montgomery, Richard. 1738-75. Irish/US Revolutionary general. Killed attacking Quebec.

Monticello. 1770. Federalist style Virginian estate of Jefferson.

Montrose, James Graham, Marq. of. 1612-50. Scottish general for Charles I in Civil War. Executed.

Montrose Campaign. 1644-5. Scotland defeats England in Civil War.

Monts, Pierre du Ghast. 1568-1630. French explorer with Champlain. Founded Portugal Royal 1605.

Moore, G. E. 1873-1958. British Realist philosopher. Principia Ethica 1903. Ideal Utilitarianism.

Moore, George. 1852-1933. Irish novelist. Confessions of a Young Man 1888. Esther Waters 1894.

Moore, Henry. 1898-1986. English semi-abstract organic sculptor. Mother and Child 1924. Reclining Figure 1951.

Moors. Moslems of northwest Africa. Invaded Spain 711. Dominated to 11C. Surrendered Grenada 1492. Exterminated by Inquisition. Expelled from Spain 1492.

Moral Rearmament. 1938 =Buchmanism. Oxford Group.

Morat, Battle. 1476. Swiss defeat Burgundy.

Moravia. 5C Slavs settle. 9C Empire. 1029 Bohemia. 1526 Hapsburg. 1918 Czechoslovakia. 1939-45 German protectorate. 1993 Czech Republic.

Moravian Church. Unitas Fratrum. 1457-. Protestant Hussite sect. 1467 Split from Utraquists. 18C German Pietist revival.

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