Longchamp, William. -1197. English Chancellor. Ruled in Richard I’s absence 1190-1. Arranged ransom 1193 ending John’s rebellion.

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. 1807-82. US poet. Evangeline 1847. Hiawatha 1855. Paul Revere’s Ride 1863.

Longinus. 213-273. Greek philosopher. Advised Zenobia to revolt vs Rome. Executed.

López de Legazpi, Miguel. -1572. Spanish explorer. Conquered Philippines, 1564.

Lorentz, Hendrik. 1853-1928. Dutch physicist. Electromagnetic radiation theory, 1895.

Lorenz, Konrad. 1903-89. Austrian zoologist. Father of ethology. Man Meets Dog 1954.

Loretto. Italy. 1295. Virgin Mary’s house miraculously translated from Nazareth.

Lorraine, Claude. 1600-82. French landscape painter, master of sunlight. Sunset 1644.

Lost Generation. Gertrude Stein’s term for US writers influenced by WWI. Fitzgerald. Hemingway.

Lothair. 835-69. King of Lotharingia, 855. Disputes with Pope over annulment of his marriage.

Lothair I. 795-855. Carolingian Emperor, 840-. Failed attempt to reunite empire.

Lotharingia. 843-870. Middle kingdom of split Carolingian Empire. Redivided.

Lotus Eaters. African peoples of Odyssey who were forgetful and idle.

Louis. The Child. 893-911. Last Carolingian German King, 899-.

Louis. The Younger. c830-882. Carolingian German King 876-. Acquired Lotharingia.

Louis d’Or. 1641-1795. French gold coin.

Louis I. 1786-1868. King of Bavaria 1825-48. Abdicated 1848 due to Lola Montez.

Louis I. 1838-89. King of Portugal, 1861-. Ended slavery in colonies.

Louis I. 778-840. Charlemagne’s son. Last Emperor of unified Carolingian Empire 814~. Twice deposed and restored.

Louis I. The Great. 1326-82. King of Hungary, 1342-, Poland 1370-. Rid kingdoms of Turks. Fought Venice, Naples.

Louis II. 1506-26. King of Hungary and Bohemia 1516-. Lost Hungary to Turks.

Louis II. The German. c822-76. King of East Carolingian Empire, 843-. Fought reuniting attempts. Checked Arab invasion of Italy.

Louis II. The Stammerer. 846-79. W Frankish King 877-.

Louis III. 863-82. French King 879-. Withstood Norse invasion.

Louis IV. c1283-1347. German king 1314-. Holy Roman Emperor, 1328-. German electors overrule Pope to make him Emperor.

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