Jesus. c6BC-c30. Jewish prophet, believed by Christians to be the Messiah, son of God. Crucified. Resurrected. Life and death were inspiration for Christianity.

Jewish Agency. 1929-. Founded by Weizmann to support Zionist cause in Palestine.

Jewish Era. Began 3761BCE. Year of creation calculated from Biblical evidence. Christian Era. Muhammadan Era.

Jews. Individuals of Jewish parentage or Judaic religion. Descendents of Israelites who survived Babylonian Captivity. Hebrew.

Jibril. Islamic archangel. God’s messenger to Muhammad. = Gabriel.

Jim Crow Laws. 1877-1964. US laws allowing segregation.

Jimenez de Quesada, Gonzalo. c1495-1579. Spanish conquistador. Founded Bogota, Colombia.

Jimmu Tennõ. c660BC. Japan’s legendary first Emperor. Direct descendent of Sun goddess.

Jingoism. Excessive nationalism. Originally for British who intervened in Russo-Turkish War, 1877.

Jinnah, Muhammed Ali. 1876-1948. Founded Moslem League 1934. Demanded partition of India. First gov-gen. of Pakistan.

Joachim, Joseph. 1831-1907. Hungarian violinist/composer.

Joad, CEM. 1891-1953. British pacifist agnostic Rationalist philosopher. Vitalism. Guide to Philosophy 1936.

Joan, Pope. Legendary female pontiff 855-8.

Joan of Arc, St. c1412-31. Defeated English at Orléans. Burned by the English as heretic. Rehabilitated 1456.

Job. 6C BC. Suffering, faithful Old Testament servant of God.

Jodl, Alfred. 1890-1946. German general. Signed capitulation at Reims. Condemned at Nuremberg.

Joei Shikimoku. 1232. Established Japanese Shogunate feudal system.

John. Lackland. 1167-1216. King of England 1199-. Lost Normandy. Forced to sign Magna Carta 1215. Excommunicated 1209. Lost Anjou.

John. The Fearless. 1371-1419. Duke of Burgundy 1404-. War vs Armagnacs.1407 conquered Paris, won crown. Assassinated by Armagnacs during negotiations.

John, Order of St. = Hospitallers.

John, St. The Evangelist. -c100. Apostle of Christ. Wrote 4th Gospel, Revelations.

John I. 1350-95. King of Aragon 1387-95.

John II. The Good. 1319-64. King of France 1350.- Hundred Years War. Captured at Poitiers, ransomed for 3M écus. Annexes SW France.

John II. The Perfect. 1455-95. King of Portugal 1481-. Sponsored Diaz.

John III. 1629-96. King of Poland 1674-. “Champion of Christendom” saved Vienna from Turks 1683.

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