Columbus, Christopher. 1446-1506. Genoese navigator for Spain. Discovered America, 1492. Pinzon.

COMECON. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. 1949-91. USSR and satellites central planning organization.

Comédie-Francaise. Oldest National theatre. Founded by Louis XIV in 1680. Molière.

Comenius, John. 1592-1670. Czech founder of direct method of language education. First use of pictures.

Comic Opera. 18C revolt vs serious opera. Light style, familiar scenes. Italy: opera buffa; Fr: opéra comique; Eng: ballad opera; Ger: singspiel. Orig as intermezzo for opera.

Committee of Public Safety. 1793-5. Ruled France. Robespierre’s reign of Terror.

Common Law. Based on precedents derived from reason rather than a code of statutes. Originally English.

Commonwealth. 1649-60. Government of England after Charles I executed. Cromwell.

Commonwealth. Organized community by consent of governed. Hobbes. Locke.

Commune. 1789-94. Paris council. Overode the National Assembly by controlling administration.

Commune, Paris. 1871. Revolutionary government formed when Thiers abandoned Paris to Prussians. Crushed 2 months later by McMahon. 20,000 killed.

Communism. Collective ownership of property and industry. Wealth shared according to need. Eventually, “dictatorship of proletariat”.

Communist Manifesto. 1848. Marx and Engels call for Proletariat to control business and government.

Communist Party. USSR. 1918. Name adopted by Bolsheviks for Social Democratic Workers’ Party. Parties started in Britain, USA, Austria, France, Italy, Spain, Germany soon after.

Compton, Arthur. 1892-1962. US physicist: C Effect, 1923.

Comte, Auguste. 1798-1857. French Positivist philosopher. Religion belongs to primitive society. Positivism 1830. Tejada Law.

Comunero. 1520-1. Spanish Republican rebellion. Crushed, but effected policy changes.

Comus. Greek god of mirth and joy.

Conciliarism. 12C-. General Council has greater power than pope. Popular during Great Schism.

Concordat. 1801-1905. Regulation of French church instituted by Napoleon.

Confederacy. 1861-5. Rebel US government in American Civil War.

Confederation Group. 19C Canadian nationalistic poets. Carmen.

Confucius. 551-479BC. Chinese philosopher and moralist. Advocated reason, love and respect for others over supernatural. Chinese Exam. Wu Ching.

Congo. 1482 Portugal explore. 1880 French settle(N). 1885 Belgium(S). 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Independent. 1971 =Zaire. 1997 =Democratic Republic of Congo. Mobutu.

Congo Conference. 1884. Bismarck mediates. Congo comes under Belgian sovereignty.

5503 more results ...