Vigny, Alfred de. 1797-1863. French Romantic writer. Shakespeare adaptations. Cinq-Mars 1826.

Vikings. Scandinavians who raided Europe 530-12C. Discovered Greenland, 982, North America, 10C. Norsemen. Varangians.

Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène. 1814-79. French Gothic Revival architect. Restored Notre-Dame 1841-54, Vincennes. Ste-Chapelle.

Vivian. Wanton. Captured Merlin in Arthurian legend.

Vladimir I, St. 956-1015. First Christian Russian ruler. Ordered people to convert.

Volsci. -338BC. Italian peoples conquered by Rome.

Walton, William. 1902-83. British composer influenced by Jazz, Elgar, Stravinsky.

Waters, Muddy. 1915-83. US Rhythm and Blues singer. Inspired Rolling Stones.

Westmeath Act. 1871. Declared Ribbonism illegal. Whiteboys.

Westminster, Treaties. 1654 Ends Dutch War. Dutch pay England. 1662 England, Brandenberg most-favoured nation status. 1674 Dutch American colonies to Britain. 1756 Prussia, British neutrality.

Whipple, Abraham. 1733-1819. American Revolutionary. Captured 11 British ships 1779.

Whitlam, Gough. 1916-. Australian Labour Prime Minister 1972-5. Quit Vietnam War. Dismissed by Governor General. Reduced immigration restrictions. White Australia.

Whymper, Edward. 1840-1911. English climber. First to climb Matterhorn, 1865.

William III. 1650-1702. Prince of Orange 1672-. King of England with Mary II 1689-. Ended War of Grand Alliance 1697. Defeated James II at Battle of Boyne, reconquered Ireland 1690. Declared freedom of worship.

Winckler, Hugo. 1863-1913. German archaeologist. Discovered Hittite cuneiform tablets.

Winifred, St. 7C. Patron saint of North Wales.

Wolfe, James. 1727-59. British general. Captured Quebec in Seven Years War 1759.

Wounded Knee. 1890. 200 Sioux Indians massacred by US troops.

Xian Incident. 1936. Chiang Kai-shek captured and forced to unite with Communists to fight Japanese.

Yamashita Tomoyuki. 1885-1946. Japanese commander in Philippines. Conquered Singapore, Bataan March. Executed.

Yermak Timofeyevich. -1584. Cossack. Conquered Siberia for Russia.

Young Europe. 1834- Conspired to create democratic league of nations by assassination/demonstration.

Yukawa Hideki. 1907-81. Japanese physicist. Predicted mesons 1935.

Zeuxis. c5C BC. Greek painter using shading to achieve realism. Birds preferred his grapes.

Zoë. 978-1050. Byzantine Empress 1028-. Married and murdered Romanus III. Crowned lover Michael IV and son Michael V. Married Constantine IX.

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