Parnassians. 1867-99. French detached anti-Romantic poetry school. Leconte de Lisle. Sully-Prudhomme. Verlaine. Gautier. Baudelaire.

Peel, Robert. 1788-1850. English Prime Minister 1834~46. London police force 1829. Income Tax 1842. Founded Conservative Party. Bank Charter Act. Repealed Corn Laws 1846.

Pétain, Philippe. 1856-1951. Defender at Verdun, 1916. Armistice 1940. Vichy Prime Minister 1940-42. German puppet 1942-4. Life sentence for collaboration after liberation.

Philip. Metacom. -1676. Led Massasoit in King Philip’s War.

Phoenix Park Murders. 1882. British Secretary and Undersecretary of Ireland killed by terrorists.

Pinter, Harold. 1930-. English playwright. Birthday Party 1958. Caretaker 1960.

Proletariat. Marxist term for those who live by the sale of their labour. Bourgeoisie.

Pyramus and Thisbe. Legendary Babylonian lovers of Ovid’s Metamorphoses.

Red Hat Rebellion. 1622. Power struggle of Tibetan Buddhists. Yellow Hats prevail.

Rutherford, Ernest. 1871-1937. NZ/English physicist. Beta rays 1899, Nuclear theory of atom1911.

Seven Years War. 1756-63. France, Russia, Austria vs England, Prussia who retain Silesia, emerge as major power. French colonial power reduced. England gains New France, India. French-Indian Wars.

Shabbetai, Tzevi. 1626-76. Jewish false Messiah. Converted to Islam 1666.

Shirikawa. 1053-1129. Japanese Emperor. Abdicated to avoid ceremony. Retained power.

Smetana, Bedrich. 1824-84. Czech Nationalist opera composer. Bartered Bride 1866. “-Father of Czech music”.

Socialism. 19C-. Movement opposing Liberalism, Capitalism. Advocates equal rights, just distribution of property, well-being of proletariat through reform or revolution. Utopia.

Spain. c3000BC Iberians. c11C BC Phoenicians. c10C Celts. 6C Basques. c5C Carthage. 3C BC Rome. 5C Vandals, Visigoths. 711 Moslems. 801 Charlemagne. 10C independent kingdoms of Castile, León, Aragon, Navarre. 1031-1492 Reconquista. 1143 Portugal independent. 1479 Aragon, Castile unite. 1492 Moors final defeat. 1512 + Navarre =Spain. 1808 Napoleon. 1898 -Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. Spanish American War. 1931 Republic. 1936 Civil War. 1939 Franco. 1975 Parliamentary Monarchy. ETA. New Spain.

Stair, First earl. 1648-1707. Scottish under-secretary of state to William III. Approved Glencoe Massacre.

Stone Age. Period before use of metal tools. Date varies by region: Near east -c3500BC Paleolithic. Neolithic.

Suez Crisis. 1956. Denied US finance for Aswan Dam, Egypt nationalizes canal. Israel invades Sinai. France, Britain try to retake canal. UN occupies Canal Zone.

Taxation. On Income 1193. On Cooking Oil: 1000BC Egypt. Foreigners: 400BC Greece. Imports 1CBC Rome. Property: 453BC Greece, 1642 England. Sales: 49BC Rome. 1973 UK VAT. Inheritance: 23BC Rome. Salt: 1286-1790 France. Hair Powder: 1795-1869 Hearths: 1663-89. Cards: 1615. Whiskey. Eisphora. Boadicea. Godiva. Danegeld. Domesday Book. Tithes.

Thant, U. 1909-74. Burmese statesman. UN Secretary General. 1962-71. Cuban Missile Crisis. Congo. Cyprus. Six Day War.

Thatcher, Margaret. 1925-. Britain’s first woman Prime Minister 1979-. Conservative. Monetarist. Falklands War.

Thomas, Sydney. 1850-85. English metallurgist.

Tibetan Buddhism. Yellow Hats. Dalai Lama.

Twelve Tables. 451BC Roman law code.

7 more results ...