Tasman, Abel. c1603-59. Dutch navigator. Discovered Tasmania, New Zealand. 1642; Fiji, Tonga 1643.

Tasmania. 1642 Tasman discovers = Van Diemen’s Land. 1803-52 British penal settlement. 1856 Self-government = Tasmania. 1901 Australia.

Teapot Dome Scandal. 1922. Exclusive oil rights granted by Fall for personal “loans”. Discredited Harding administration.

Templars. 1119-1312. Founded by Baldwin II and 9 knights in the Holy Land to protect pilgrims. Created International banking system, 9,000 commanderies, and owned 1/4 of Paris when dissolved by Philip IV, 1307; and Edward II, 1308. Council of Vienne.

Teschen Dispute. 1919. Poland, Czechoslovakia battle over industrial, coal-mining territory.

Tessin, Nicodemus, the Elder. 1615-81. Swedish architect. Drottningholm 1662.

Tet Offensive. 1968. Giap-led Vietcong attack 100 South Vietnamese cities, proof of strength creates US disenchantment with war.

Thales. c624-546BC. Greek philosopher/scientist. Predicted eclipse, 585. First to enunciate the existence of natural laws of science. Water as basis of all matter. Critical discussion leads to knowledge. Static electricity.

Thalidomide. 1958-62. German/British sedative with disastrous effects on embryo development. Led to drug regulatory agencies worldwide.

Theorell, Axel. 1903-82. Swedish biochemist. Enzyme oxidation.

Thetis Disaster. 1939. British submarine fails to resurface.

Thomson, Joseph. 1856-1940. English discoverer that cathode rays are electrons 1897.

Thoreau, Henry. 1817-62. US naturist, anarchist essayist: Civil Disobedience 1848. Walden 1854.

Thule. Northern island discovered by Greeks 4C BC. Iceland, Shetlands or Norway?

Trade Disputes Act. 1906. British unions immune from suits against members’ activities.

Transportation. Removal of criminals to a distant place. 1783-1868 British send 160,000 to Australia. 1854-1946. French send to French Guiana. 1710- Russia banishes to Siberia.

Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad: Arawak. 1498 Columbus discovers for Spain. Natives die. 1797 British. Tobago: Carib. 1781 France. 1814 British. 1962 Independent. 1976 Republic.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Tuvalu. 1764 British discover. 1892 British protectorate. 1915 «Gilbert and Ellice Island colony. 1978 Independent = Tuvalu.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

Uruguay. 1516 Díaz discovers. 1683 Portugal. 1777 Spain(La Plata). 1820 Brazil. 1828 Independent.

US Virgin Is. Carib, Arawak. 1493 Columbus discovers. 1666 Denmark. 1673- Slaves brought. 1917 US purchase for $25M.

Varèse, Edgard. 1883-1965. French composer of dissonant electronic music. Hyperprism 1923.

Vasa. 1523-1818. Swedish dynasty. Ruled Poland 1587-1668. Dominated 17C Baltic.

Vasa. 1628. Swedish warship sank in harbour before maiden voyage.

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