Northern War, First. 1655-60. Sweden vs Poland and allies. Sweden wins Danish territory. Poland renounces claim to Swedish throne.

Norway. 872 United by Harald Fairhair. 1130- Civil wars. 1397 Danish. 1814 Swedish. 1905 Independent. 1940-45 Germans occupy.

Nova Scotia. Micmac. 10C Norse discover? 1497 Cabot discovers. 1605 French settle = Acadia. 1614 English. 1667 French. 1689 English. 1697 French. 1710 English. 1848 First British colony with Responsible Government. 1867 Canada.

Oersted, Christian. 1777-1851. Danish physicist: discovered electromagnetism 1819.

Oldenburg, Claes. 1929-. Swedish/US Pop art sculptor.

Oman. 1508 Portugal discovers. 1659 Turkey. 1741 Said dynasty. Zanzibar.

Ostracism. Athenian 10 year exile for disrupting stability.

Ostrogoths. Germanic peoples. 3C Ukraine kingdom. 406 kingdom in Italy. 370 conquered by Huns. 493 conquered Italy. 555 dispersed by Justinian. Goths.

Palissy, Bernard. 1510-89. French potter. Discovered white porcelain.

Palme, Olof. 1927-86. Swedish Prime Minister. Assassinated.

Panama. 1501 Bastidas discovers. 1510 Spanish settle. 1821 Gran Colombia. 1930 Colombia. 1903 US aided revolt, Independence. 1903-79 US administered Canal Zone. 1989 US invasion restores elected government.

Panama Scandal. 1892. Bribery of French Chamber of Deputies discovered re 1888 Lesseps Panama loan. Discredited Clemenceau’s radicals.

Parson’s Cause. 1755,58 Salary dispute of Anglican ministers in Virginia based on inflation of tobacco prices.

Pavlov, Ivan. 1849-1936. Russian physiologist: discovered conditioned response.

Peking Man. 350,000BC. Homo Erectus fossil discovered 1927.

Pelletier, P. J. 1788-1842. Discovered chlorophyll, 1817, with Caventou.

Pentecost. 50th day after Easter. Descent of Holy Spirit on Jesus’ disciples marks beginning of Christian mission.

Peter, St. -64. Leader of Jesus’ disciples. First pope. Crucified upside-down by Nero.

Philippines. 1521 Magellan discovers. 1565 Spanish conquer. 1762-64 British occupy. 1898 US. 1935 Commonwealth. 1941-11 Japan occupies. 1946 Republic. 1973 Marcos dictator. 1986 Democracy. MacArthur.

Piazzi, Giuseppe. 1746-1826. Italian discoverer of Ceres, first asteroid seen by man 1801.

Pietism. 17-18C. Spener’s religious movement. Influenced Moravians, Methodists. Bible study.

Pilgrimage of Grace. 1536. Catholic uprising in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire against dissolution of monasteries, taxation and inflation.

Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto. 1915-. Chilean President 1973-90. Coup vs Allende. Brutal dictatorship, torture and disappearances. Charged 1998.

Pinzon, Vicente. c1460-1523. Discovered Amazon 1500. Commanded Columbus’ Nina 1492,3.

Plato. c428-347BC. Greek philosopher, disciple of Socrates’ Dialogs. Free-will. Republic. “There exist absolute truths. Mind imprints its idea on matter. Mind has always existed and seeks to free itself from matter and return to God.” Founded Academy c387. Symposium c384. Apologia c399. Quest for good will lead to harmony in the world.

128 more results ...