Gag Rules. 1836-44. Prevented discussion of anti-slavery bills in US Congress.

Galapagos. 1535 Berlanga discovers for Spain. 1832 Ecuador. 1835 Darwin visits.

Galle, Johann. 1812-1910. German. Discovered Neptune 1846.

Gambia, The. 1455 Portugal discovers. 1588 British settle. 17-18C French, British dispute. 1843 British Crown Colony. 1965 Independent. 1970 Republic.

Gentlemen’s Agreement. 1907. US-Japan. Restricted emigration and discrimination. 1937. British-Italian agreement on Mediterranean. Appeasement.

Georgia. 6C BC Achaemenid. 4C BC Alexander. 65BC Rome. 330 Christian. 4-5C Sassanids, Byzantine dispute. 6C Sass. 7C Moslem. 8C 2 Kingdoms. c1000 United. 1220 Mongol(E). 14C United. 15C Turk/Persian. 1801 Russia. 1918 Independent. 1921 Soviet Republic. 1991 Independent. CIS.

Grenada. 1498 Columbus discovers. 1651 French colony. 1763 English. 1876 Crown Colony. 1958 Fed of West Indies. 1967 Self-government. 1983 US invades to prevent Marxist insurrection.

Guinea-Bissau. 1446 Tristao discovers. 16-18C Slave source. 1879 Portuguese Guinea. 1974 Independent.

Gustav I. Vasa. 1496-1560. Elected Swedish king 1523-. Defeated Danes, dissolved Kalmar Union.

Gustav IV. Adolf. 1778-1837. Swedish king 1792-1809. Lost Finland. Overthrown.

Guyana. Arawak, Carib, Warrau. 1498 Columbus discovers. 16C Dutch settle. 1814 Britain. 1831 Colony =British Guiana. 1966 Independent =Guyana. 1970 Republic.

Hahn, Otto. 1879-1968. German discoverer of Uranium fission 1938.

Haiti. Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. 16-18C Slaves brought. 1697 Spain cedes to France 1804 Independent. 1915-34 US occupies. 1957-86 Duvalier dictators. 1994 US overthrow of military regime. 1972-2002 US returns refugee boat-people.

Hammarskjold, Dag. 1905-61. Swedish UN Secretary General 1953-.

Hansson, Per. 1885-1946. Swedish Prime Minister 1932-. Maintained neutrality in WWII.

Harvey, William. 1578-1657. English doctor, discovered circulation of blood 1616-28. On Reproduction 1651.

Hasidism. 18C-. Jewish sect founded by Eliezer, called Ba’al Shem-Tov. Stresses good-heartedness over scholarship, mystical approach to God.

Hawaii. c400 Polynesians. 1778 Cook discovers = Sandwich Is. 1795 UK. 1894 Republic. 1898 US. 1959 State.

Helmont, Jan van. 1580-1644. Flemish discoverer of CO2.

Helsinki Group. 1976. Soviet dissidents who monitor human rights aspect of Helsinki Accord. Orlov. Shscharansky.

Henry, Joseph. 1797-1878. US discoverer of electromagnetic induction. Electric motor, 1829.

Henry VIII. 1491-1547. King of England 1509-. Executed Thomas More. Established Church of England. Dissolved monasteries. Six wives: Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr.

Herschel, William. 1738-1822. German/English astronomer, discovered Uranus 1781.

Hippocrates. 460-370BC. Greek physician. Separated medicine from superstition. Established medical schools. “Diseases due to natural causes”.

Hittites. c2300-1170BC. Asia Minor Empire c1400-. Discovered iron smelting. Hieroglyphics.

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