Champlain, Samuel de. c1567-1635. French explorer of Canada. First Governor of New France. Founded Quebec city 1608.

Champollion, Jean. 1790-1832. French. Deciphered Egyptian hieroglyphics. Rosetta Stone.

Champs-Élysée. Paris boulevard. (=Elysian Fields.) Trees planted by Le Nôtre 1667. Named 1709.

Chanak Crisis. 1922. British fear Turkish threat to Dardanelles. Lausanne Peace, 1923.

Chancellor. Title of prime minister of Germany.

Chandler, Raymond. 1888-1959. US novelist. Big Sleep 1939. Detective Philip Marlow.

Chanel, Gabrielle (Coco). 1883-1971. French haut couture, perfume doyenne. Simplicity.

Chang Ch’ien. -114BC. Chinese explorer to India, Bactria.

Chang Ling. 33-156. Founded Taoism in China.

Ch’ang O. Chinese moon goddess.

Channel Islands. 911 Norman. 1066 England. Autonomous British crown possession.

Channel Tunnel. Mathieu conceived the idea in 1802. Begun 1880s. French-English agreements to proceed, 1964, 1985. Opened 1994.

Chanson de Roland. 12C French epic poem. Roncesvalles. Roland.

Chantrey, Francis. 1781-1841. British sculptor.

Chaos. Greek mythical pre-creation state of universe.

Chaplin, Charlie. 1889-1977. English silent film actor. First international film star: The Kid 1921. Modern Times 1936. Little Tramp.

Chapman, George. c1559-1634. English poet, playwright: Bussy d’Ambois 1607. Translated Homer.

Chapman, John. = Johnny Appleseed.

Chappe, Claude. 1763-1805. French engineer, physicist: Aerial telegraph 1792.

Chardin, Jean. 1699-1779. French painter of still life and domestic scenes. Le Buffet 1728.

Chardonnet, Comte de. 1839-1924. First Rayon factory.

Chares. Greek bronze sculptor: Colossus of Rhodes 292BC.

Charlemagne. c742-814. King of France 768-. Restored Western Roman Empire, 800.

Charles, Jacques. French physicist, launched early hydrogen balloon 1783 with Robert. Gas Law V=kT 1798.

Charles I. c742-814. King of France. = Charlemagne.

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