Arago, François. 1786-1853. French astronomer and physicist. Magnetism, light.

Aragon, Louis. 1897-1982. French Romantic poet + Communist.

Aranjuez, Revolt. 1808. Forced abdication of Charles IV (Spain) and dismissed Prime Minister.

Araucanian Wars. 1530-1870. Chile, Argentina. Natives forced onto reservations.

Arcadian. Venetian paintings with Greek gods in Italian dress.

Archaic Period of Greek Art. c650-500BC. Egyptian influenced sculpture. Mythological vase painting.

Archangels. Chief angels of Christian, Judaic, Islamic, other religions.

Archduke. Hereditary title of Austrian Hapsburgs.

Archer, William. 1856-1924. Scottish critic, playwright. Translated Ibsen.

Archidamian War. 431-421BC. Peloponnesian War.

Archidamus II. Spartan king 469-427BC. Conflict w Athens.

Archimedes. 287-212BC. Greek mathematician: lever, screw. Principle of displacement of liquid. Screw pump 260BC. Catapult 215BC.

Archons. Ancient Greek chief magistrates.

Argentina. Tehuelch, Querandi, Puelche, Inca. 1536 Spanish. 1776 Viceroyalty of La Plata. 1816 Independent United Province of La Plata. 1862 =Argentina. 1943 Peron. 1982 Falklands War. 2001 Economic collapse.

Arianism. 313-. Christian heresy. “Christ not of same nature as God.” Condemned at Nicaea.

Aristarchus. 310-230BC. Samos. First to postulate sun as center of solar system. Accused of impiety. Copernicus.

Arius. c256-336. Alexandrian advocate of Arianism. Council of Nicaea.

Arkwright, Richard. 1732-92. Invented power spinning machine, 1769.

Armagnacs. Fought Burgundians for control of France through Charles VI regency 1395-1435. Arras.

Armenian Church. c303. First Christian state church. 506 schism with Rome.

Arminianism. 17C-. Christian movement. Free-will is compatible with God’s sovereignty.

Arminius. 18BC-19 AD. German chief who defeated Varus 9 AD.

Arnim, Bettina von. 1785-1859. German Romantic writer. Goethe’s Correspondence with a Child 1835.

Arnold, Matthew. 1822-88. English poet. Scholar-Gypsy 1853.

Arnolfo di Cambio. c1245-1302. Architect, Florence Cathedral.

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