Xanadu. (To-lun). 1256. Mongol Kublai Khan’s summer capital.

Xanthippe. c5C BC. Socrates’ carping wife.

Xanthos, Sieges. Lycians defend against: 546BC Persians. 43BC Romans. Residents commit mass suicide both times. Asia Minor.

Xavier, St. Francis. 1506-52. One of First Jesuits. Apostle to Asia 1540-.

Xenocrates. 394-314BC. Greek philosopher. Head of Plato’s Academy.

Xenophanes. c560-478BC. Greek poet. Founded Eleatics. Change is an illusion. Monotheist.

Xenophon. 431-350BC. Greek general/historian. Expedition of Ten Thousand. Anabasis. Hellenica.

Xerxes I. 519-465BC. King of Persia, invaded Attica. Victor at Thermopylae. Salamis defeat preserved Greek independence. Crossed Hellespont 480BC.

Xian Incident. 1936. Chiang Kai-shek captured and forced to unite with Communists to fight Japanese.

XYZ Affair. 1797. US attack French ships after refusing to bribe ministers. Settled 1800. French Revolutionary Wars.

Yalta Conference. 1945. Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin. Decided partition of Europe after WWII. USSR enters war vs Japan. Potsdam. San Francisco Peace.

Yamamoto Isoroku. 1884-1943. Japanese admiral. Led Pearl Harbor attack 1941.

Yamasee War. 1715-16. American natives revolt vs English settlers. Dispersed.

Yamashita Tomoyuki. 1885-1946. Japanese commander in Philippines. Conquered Singapore, Bataan March. Executed.

Yancey, William. 1814-63. US pro-slavery secession leader. American Civil War.

Yang. Chinese symbol of heaven, light, male, positive, active. Yin.

Yazoo Land Fraud. 1795. Georgia sells Mississippi to 4 companies for $500K. Legislators all shareholders. Rescinded as unconstitutional 1796.

Yeats, William. 1865-1939. Irish nationalist poet/dramatist: Wild Swans 1917. Deirdre. Tower 1928. Winding Stair 1933. Modernism.

Yellow Hats. 14C. Monastic Tibetan Buddhist sect. Ruled 1642-1950. Dalai Lama.

Yellow Turban Rebellion. 184-204. Chinese secret society vs Emperor. Fall of Han dynasty. Ts’ao Ts’ao.

Yemen. ~10CBC Minaean, Saba’, Qataban, Himyarite Kingdoms. 1C Jews settle. 4C Christians settle. 525 Abyssinia. 575 Persia. 7C Moslem. 9C ’Alid Zaydi dynasty. 1173 Ayyubid. c1229 Rasulid. 1517 Ottoman. 1962 Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen). 1990 Merged with c100BC Himyarite. 1229 Rasulis. 1635 Zaydi. 1735 Divided South: 1802 British protection. 1839 British East India Company. 1937 Aden British Protectorate. 1963 Federation of South Arabia. 1967 People’s Republic of Yemen. 1735 North: 1872 Ottoman. 1920 Tribal. 1962 Yemen Arab Republic 1990 merged=Yemen.

Yeoman. English class between labourers and gentry.

Yeomen of the Guard. 1485 British Monarch’s bodyguard. Beef Eaters, Yeoman Warders of the Tower of London, 1669-.

Yerba Buena. 1776-1846. Spanish mission...San Francisco.

Yermak Timofeyevich. -1584. Cossack. Conquered Siberia for Russia.

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