Ulm, Treaty. 1647. France-Sweden truce with Bavaria in Thirty Years War.

Ulpian. -228. Roman prefect. Writings were source for Justinian’s Digest.

Ulster. 5C Independent kingdom. 1171 De Courci conquers for England. 1594-1601 Failed rebellion. 1610 Presbyterian Scots settle. 1920 Northern Ireland.

Ulster Peace Movement. 1976-. Protestant and Catholic women attempt to end Northern Ireland violence.

Ulster Troubles. 1969-. Unionist attack on civil rights march led to revival of hostilities.

Ultramontanism. 15-19C. Roman Catholic movement for papal authority. Gallicanism.

Ultraroyalists. 19C. French advocates of increased powers for Louis XVIII.

Ulysses. King of Ithaca. =Greek Odysseus.

Umayyad. 661-750. Sunni Moslem dynasty of Caliphate Empire. Defeated by Abbasid revolt. Abd ar-Rahman escaped to establish dynasty in Spain 756-1031.

Umberto I. 1844-1900. 2nd king of Italy 1878-. Assassinated by anarchists.

Umbrella. 8CBC Assyrian invention.

Umbria. Central Italy. Conquered by Rome c3C BC.

Unamuno, Miguel de. 1864-1936. Spanish philosopher: Tragic Sense of Life 1913.

Uncas. c1588-c1683. Founder, chief of Mohegan Indian tribe.

Uncle Sam. Personification of US government first appeared in Troy Post based on “Uncle” Sam Wilson who supplied army beef stamped US 1813.

Underground Railroad. 1838-65. Northerners help US slaves escape to Canada, defying Fugitive Slave Acts.

Undset, Sigrid. 1882-1949. Norwegian novelist: Jenny 1911. Kristin Lavransdatter 1920-2.

Unetice. Early Bronze age culture in Austria.

Unicorn. Mythical subject of art 400BC-Middle Ages.

Uniformitarianism. Earth shaped by ongoing processes indicative of time. Lyell.

Uniformity, Act of. 1549. Established English Prayer Book, catechism for Anglican worship. 1553 Repealed. 1559 Reenacted. 1662 Deprived Nonconformists of living.

Union. The North. States which did not secede during the American Civil War. Confederacy.

Union Act. 1707. England and Scotland united as Great Britain. One parliament; separate law and religion. 1801-1921. Ireland and Great Britain united as United Kingdom. Proposed by Irish Parliament 1799. Ireland Act. Anglo-Irish Treaty.

Union Jack. 1606. English St. George (red cross) + Scottish St. Andrew (white diagonal). 1801 + Irish St. Patrick (red diagonal).

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

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