Shinran. 1173-1262. Japanese Buddhist. Founded True Pure Land sect.

Shinto. Japanese state religion 1769-. All things are holy. Ancestor worship.

Ships. Iron- Foss 1777. Clipper 1832. Paddle- Charlotte Dundas 1801. Screw- Archimedes 1839. Nuclear- Nautilus 1955.

Shipton, Mother. 1488-1561. Predicted 1666 Great Fire of London.

Shirikawa. 1053-1129. Japanese Emperor. Abdicated to avoid ceremony. Retained power.

Shockley, William. 1910-89. US. Transistor 1948.

Sholes, Christopher. 1819-90. US co-inventor of typewriter 1868.

Sholokhov, Mikhail. 1905-84. Russian writer. Don series.

Short Parliament. 1640. England. Refused king taxes because of grievances.

Shostakovich, Dmitri. 1906-75. Russian. Composed complex profound intense personal works. Rebuked by Stalin. Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk 1934.

Shot Heard Around the World. 1775. Battle of Lexington and Concord beginning American Revolution.

Shou Hsing. Chinese god of longevity.

Shrewsbury, Duke of. 1660-1718. English. Influenced Glorious Revolution, Hanoverian succession.

Shu Han. 221-264. Western China dynasty. Conquered by Wei.

Sibelius, Jan. 1865-1957. Finnish composer. Finlandia. Symphonies and tone poems evoke feeling of North. Kulervo Symphony 1892.

Siberia. 13C Mongol(S)...Golden Horde(W)/ Yüan(E). 1483 Russia explores. 1581 Khanate overthrown. 1689 Russo-Chinese border settled. 1891-1905 Trans-Siberian Railway.

Sibyl. Mythical Greek prophetess. Interceded with gods for humans.

Sicilian Vespers. 1282. Aragon-inspired massacre of French in Sicily. Aragon takes control.

Sicily. c1100BC Sicans. Sicels. Mycenaean. 7C BC Phoenicia(W)/ Gr(E). 241BC Rome. 5C Ostrogoth. 6C Byzantine. 827 Saracen. 1072 Norman. 1130 +Naples. 1197 Hohenstaufen. 1266-82 France. 1302 Aragon. 1443 +Naples=Two Sicilies. 1860 Italy.

Sickert, Walter. 1860-1942. German/English Impressionist painter.

Sicyon. 4C BC Ancient Greek city known for artists.

Sidmouth, First viscount. 1757-1844. British Prime Minister 1801-4. Treaty of Amiens. Peterloo Massacre.

Sidney, Philip. 1554-86. English poet. Arcadia 1580. Defence of Poesie 1585.

Sidoine Apollinaire. 430-472. Roman poet, Bishop of Clermont-Ferrand.

Siegfried Line. 1937-40 German fortifications on western frontier = West Wall. Also, part of Hindenburg Line.

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