Scalawags. White southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction.

Scaliger, Joseph. 1540-1609. Classical scholar. Founded science of chronology.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar. 1484-1558. Italian/French classical scholar. “Father” of literary criticism. Poetics 1561.

Scandberg. 1404-68. Albanian prince, raised as hostage in Turkey. Led Albanians vs Turks 1444-66.

Scaramouche. Italian clown, at 83 could knock off his partner’s hat with a high kick.

Scarlatti, Alessandro. 1660-1725. Italian composer of oratorios and operas. Neapolitan School. Influenced classical harmony.

Scarlatti, Domenico. 1685-1757. Italian composer. 555 Sonatas for harpsichord 1737-. Operas 1703-.

Scarron, Paul. 1610-60. French dramatist, novelist. Le Roman Comique 1651-9.

Sceptics. We can know nothing more than the fleeting images of consciousness. Most is unknowable. Pyrrho.

Schacht, Hjalmar. 1877-1970. German financier. Halted ruinous inflation 1923. President of Reichsbank 1929-39. Minister of Economy 1934-7.

Scharnhorst, Gerhard von. 1755-1813. Prussian general, reorganized army. General staff system.

Scheele, Carl. 1742-86. Sweden. Discovered oxygen 1771/2, independent of Priestley. Chlorine gas 1774.

Scheherazade. Entertained the Sultan of the Indies for 1001 nghts with stories, delaying her execution.

Scheidemann, Philipp. 1865-1939. First chancellor of Weimar Republic 1918.

Scheidt, Samuel. 1587-1654. German Reformation organ composer.

Schein, Johann. 1586-1630. Reformation composer. Introduced Italian Baroque to German music.

Schelling, Friedrich. 1775-1854. German Idealist philosopher. -’artist is superior to thinker’.

Schema de Parvo. 1870. Roman Catholic catechism.

Schiaparelli, Giovanni. 1835-1910. Italian ’discoverer’ of non-existent canals on Mars.

Schickard, Wilhelm. 1592-1635. Dutch inventor of “calculating clock”, mechanical calculator.

Schiller, Friedrich. 1759-1805. German Romantic writer of historical dramas and lyric poetry. Popularized William Tell 1804. -“inner direction” Wallenstein 1800.

Schiner, Matthäus. c1465-1522. Led Swiss to defeat at Maignano. Established peace and neutrality of Switzerland.

Schirrman, Richard. 1874-1961. German originator of youth hostels.

Schism, Great. 1054 East-West Schism. 1378 Great Schism.

Schism Act. 1714. Occasional Conformity Act 1719.

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