Lateran Councils. Roman Catholic church councils. 1123,39 vs Schism of Arnold of Brescia. 1179 Crusade vs Albigens. 1215 Crusade. 1512-17 Reform.

Lateran. Complex of 3 buildings in Rome. 16C Palace was papal residence to1309.

Lateran Synod. 1059. Papal election procedure.

Lateran Treaty. 1929. Established Vatican as sovereign state.

Latimer, Hugh. 1485-1555. English Protestant Reformation churchman. Executed by Mary I.

Latin Empire of Constantinople. 1204-61. Established by 4th Crusade leaders.

Latin Wars. 340-338BC. Rome conquers Latium.

Latins. Latium tribe. Includes Romans.

Latium. Area in Central Italy inhabited by Latins.

La Tour, Maurice de. 1704-88. French portraitist. Influenced by Caravaggio.

La Trémoille, Georges de. 1382-1446. French nobleman. Obstructed Joan of Arc.

Latrobe, Benjamin. 1764-1820. US Greek Revival architect. Rebuilt Capitol 1814.

Lattimore, Owen. 1900-89. US adviser to Chiang Kai-shek. Acquitted of spying 1950 vs US.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Laud, William. 1573-1645. Archbishop of Canterbury, 1633-45. Supported Charles I. Beheaded.

Lauder, Harry. 1870-1950. Scot singer/composer: Roamin’ in the Gloamin’.

Lauderdale, John. 1616-82. Scottish statesman. Cabal Ministry. Repressive rule of Scotland.

Laurens, Henry. 1724-92. US President of Continental Congress 1777-8. Captured by British. Exchanged for Cornwallis.

Laurier, Wilfrid. 1841-1919. First French-Canadian Prime Minister 1896-1911. Liberal. Boer War.

Lausanne, Peace. 1923. Greco-Turkish War. Resettlement of 1.35M Greeks, 430K Turks.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

Laval, Pierre. 1883-1945. Vichy Prime Minister 1942-4. Executed for treason.

Lavalleja, Juan. 1784-1853. Uruguay revolutionary. Led 33 Immortals. Independence from Brazil.

Lavater, Johann. 1741-1801. Swiss father of physiognomics, 1775.

Laveran, Charles. 1845-1922. French pathologist. Discovered Malaria parasite 1880.

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