Lagos, Battle. 1759. British navy stops French invasion of England.

Lagrange, Louis. 1736-1813. French mathematician. Analysis of mechanical systems. Celestial mechanics.

LaHire. 1390-1443. French commander with Joan of Arc.

Laing, R.D. 1927-89. British Existential psychologist. Madness as form of self-expression.

Laissez-Faire. Motto of 19C liberals calling for free markets and trade. Smith. “Laissez-faire, laissez-passer, laissez-aller”-Legendre 1680.

Lake Poets. 19C. Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey of English Lake District.

Lamarck, Jean de. 1744-1829. French evolutionary biologist. Classified vertebrates 1809. Transformism 1809. Lysenko.

Lamartine, Alphonse de. 1790-1869. French Romantic poet. Méditations Poétiques 1820.

Lamb, Charles. 1775-1834. English poet and essayist. Essays of Elia 1820-33.

Lame Duck. Non-reelected office holder in office awaiting successor.

Lamerie, Paul de. 1688-1751. British Rococo silversmith.

Lamia. Greek female demon, killed and ate children.

Lamian War. 323-322BC. Greek city-states rebel vs Macedonian rule. Defeated by Antipater.

Lammenais, Félicité de. 1782-1854. French RC priest. Liberal writer influenced Christian Democrats. Paroles d’un Croyant 1833.

Lanark. 1779-1830. Owen’s cooperative Scottish business. 10½ hour day. Health and pension insurance.

Lancaster. 1399~1471. Dynasty ruling England. Henry IV to VI. War of Roses.

Lancaster, Thomas, Earl of. c1277-1322. English. Led barons vs Edward II. Beheaded.

Lance. 1927 Abolished by British army. 1939 used by Polish cavalry vs German tanks.

Lancelot. Knight of King Arthur’s Round Table. Guinevere’s lover. Galahad’s father.

Lancret, Nicolas. 1690-1743. French painter of light comic scenes.

Land, Edwin. 1909-91. US inventor of Polaroid filter 1932, camera 1947, range-finder, anti-aircraft sights during WWII.

Land Decree. 1917. Confiscation of private property in Russia.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Landowski, Paul. 1875-1961. Sculptor: St. Genevieve on Tournelle Bridge, Paris, 1928; la Réformation, Geneva, 1912-18.

Landsgemeinde. Swiss canton meeting. Direct democracy.

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