Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty. 1848. Ended Mexican War. US paid $15M for half of Mexico.

Guarantees, Law of. 1871. Failed to define relationship between papacy and Italian government. Lateran Treaty, 1929.

Guas, Juan. -c1496. Spanish arch. Isabelline style.

Guatemala. Maya. 1523 Spain. 1822 Mexican Empire. 1823 CAF. 1839 Independent. Many Mayan revolts. 1954 CIA led coup. Military Dictatorship. 1980-96 Genocide. 1996 Peace.

Guelfs and Ghibellines. 1154-15C. Rival factions responsible for feuds in Germany and Italy. Welfs.

Guernica. Spanish Basque capital bombed by Germans for Franco, 1937. Euzkadi. Picasso. Spanish Civil War.

Guerra Santa (Holy War). 1848. Unsuccessful Italian revolution. Garibaldi. Mazzini.

Guesclin, Bertrand du. c1320-80. French military leader, 100 Years’ War. Expelled English from France.

Gueux. 1566-76. Dutch Calvinist rebels vs Spanish rule.

Guevara, Che. 1928-67. Argentine revolutionary in Cuba, Bolivia. Revolution must precede communism.

Guido d’Arezzo. c990-1050. Italian Benedictine monk. Invented musical staff.

Guild Socialism. 1900-20. British movement for state- owned, worker-controlled industry.

Guilds. 11C-. Associations of merchants and craftsmen creating monopolistic protection.

Guillotin, Joseph. 1738-1814. Recommended guillotine 1792. Earlier used in Scotland, England.

Guimard, Hector. 1867-1942. French Art Nouveau architect, decorator. Paris Métro entrances.

Guinea. 1663-1817. English gold coin worth £1.05.

Guinea. Fulani, Malinke, Soussou. 18C Moslem. 1882 French 1958 Independent.

Guinea-Bissau. 1446 Tristao discovers. 16-18C Slave source. 1879 Portuguese Guinea. 1974 Independent.

Guinevere. Wife of King Arthur, in love with Sir Lancelot.

Guise, Charles de. 1524-74. Cardinal. Brought Inquisition to France.

Guise, Francois, duc de. 1519-63. Massacred Huguenots at Vassy, 1562, starting War of Religion.

Guise, Henri, duc de. 1550-88. Partipated in St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. Founded Catholic League 1576. Led revolt against Henry III. Murdered.

Gujrat, Battle. 1849. British defeat Sikhs, annex Punjab.

Gulf War. 1990-91. Allies (US, Britain, France, Egypt, Syria, Saudi Arabia +26 others) expel Iraq from Kuwait.

Gulistan, Treaty. 1813. Persia cedes Azerbaijan to Russia.

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