Scalawags. White southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction.

Sceptics. We can know nothing more than the fleeting images of consciousness. Most is unknowable. Pyrrho.

Scheidemann, Philipp. 1865-1939. First chancellor of Weimar Republic 1918.

Schiner, Matthäus. c1465-1522. Led Swiss to defeat at Maignano. Established peace and neutrality of Switzerland.

Schleicher, Kurt von. 1882-1934. Last chancellor of Weimar Republic 1932-3. Opposed Hitler. Murdered by SS on Night of Long Knives.

Scriblerus Club. 18C English literary club. Satirized contemporary writing. Swift. Pope.

Scripps, Edward. 1854-1926. US publisher. Founded United Press news service 1907.

Sejm. 1467-. Polish legislative assembly.

Selkirk, 5th earl. 1771-1820. Philanthropist. Established Scottish colonies in Canada. Red River.

Senegal. Wolof, Fulani, Serer, Tukulor. 1406 Bettencourt explored. 15C Portugal. 1626 French settle. 1895 French colony. 1959 +Sudanese Republic=Mali Federation. 1960 -Mali=Independent republic.

Serbia. 7C Serbs. 890 Bulgar Empire. 1159 Nemanya unites. 1389 Ottoman. 1830 Autonomous Russian protectorate. 1878 Independent. 1882 Kingdom. 1913 +N Macedonia. 1918 Yugoslavia. 1946 People’s Republic of Yuguslavia. 1992 +Montenegro =Yugoslavia. Kosovo.

Servetus, Michael. 1511-53. Spanish Reformation writer, scientist. Circulation of blood 1540. Burned by Calvin.

Seth. Biblical son of Adam and Eve.

Settlement, Act of. 1701. British established Protestant Hanover succession. Limited monarch’s powers.

Seychelles. 1505 Portugal discovers. 1756 France. 1794 British. 1903 Crown Colony. 1976 Independent republic.

Sheba. (Saba’). Biblical country in south Arabia. 10C BC Colonized Ethiopia. 2C BC Overrun by Persia. Bilqis, Queen of Sheba visited Solomon.

Siberia. 13C Mongol(S)...Golden Horde(W)/ Yüan(E). 1483 Russia explores. 1581 Khanate overthrown. 1689 Russo-Chinese border settled. 1891-1905 Trans-Siberian Railway.

Silesia. c300BC Vandal. c4C Slav. 11C Polish. 1163 Divided. 13C German colony/Tatars invade. 1335 Bohemia. 15C Divided. 1526 Hapsburg. 1675 Bohemia. 1694 Austria. 1742 Prussia. 1921 Czechoslovakia/Poland/Germany. 1938/9 German. 1945 Poland/GDR.

Singapore. 13-14C Malay city. 1377 Javanese destroy. 1819 Raffles refounds. 1867 «Straits Settlements. 1942-45 Japanese occupy. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Federation of Malaysia. 1965 Independent republic.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

Slavery. Babylon. Egypt. Greece. Rome. European colonies 1440s-19C. 1502 First blacks shipped to America. 1562- Trade. 1807 abolished in Britain, 1833 throughout Empire. 1816 Morocco abolished Christian slaves. 1851 Colombia, 1861 USA, 1930 Liberia. 2001 27M slaves in Mauritania, Sudan, Asia, Brazil.

Slovakia. <400 Slavs settle. 9C Moravian Empire(SW). 906 Hungary. 1918 Czechoslovakia. 1969 Local autonomy. 1993 Independent republic.

Smith, Ian. 1919-. S.Rhodesian Prime Minister 1964-79. Unilateral Declaration of Independence. 1965. Fought black rights.

Snellman, Johan. 1806-81. Finnish nationalist. Established national language.

Sodom. c1900BC. Biblical city destroyed for wickedness. Gomorrah.

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