Occultism. Belief in supernatural. Astrology, alchemy, spiritualism, theosophy.

O’Donnell, Leopoldo. 1809-67. Spanish general with Isabella II vs Carlists.

Old Believers. 17C- Russian sect vs Nikon’s reforms.

O’Neill, Eugene. 1888-1953. US playwright: Iceman Cometh 1946. Long Day’s Journey into Night 1956.

O’Neill, Shane. c1530-67. Irish chief rebelled vs England, slain by rival clan.

Pantagruel. Rabelais giant.

Paoli, Pasquale. 1725-1807. Corsican patriot. Led rebels vs Genoa, France 1735~94.

Pasternak, Boris. 1890-1960. Russian writer. Dr. Zhivago 1957. (forced to decline).

Paton, Alan. 1903-88. South African writer. Cry the Beloved Country 1948.

Pauli, Wolfgang. 1900-58. Austrian/US physicist. Exclusion Principle 1925. Neutrinos 1931.

Pauling, Linus. 1901-94. US biochemist/peace advocate. Chemical bonding.

Pavlov, Ivan. 1849-1936. Russian physiologist: discovered conditioned response.

Pearse, Patrick. 1879-1916. Irish patriot. Led Easter Rebellion 1916. Executed.

Pedro II. 1825-91. Last Emperor of Brazil 1831-89. Slavery abolished by Isabel as Princess Regent, 1888, led to overthrow.

Peking Protocol. 1901-43. European powers control Peking. Boxer Rebellion indemnity to be paid.

Perón, Isabel. 1931-. Argentine president 1974-5, succeeding husband.

Perón, Juan. 1895-1974. Totalitarian Argentine president 1946-55, 73-4. Evita. Isabel.

Philippine Insurrection. 1899-1902. Filipinos rebel vs US rule.

Physiognomism. Belief in the relationship between personality types and facial characteristics. Lavater. Aristotle.

Piccard, Auguste. 1884-1962. Swiss physicist. Balloon to stratosphere. Bathyscaphe below ocean.

Pillars of Hercules. Rock of Gibraltar and Jebel Musa.

Pirandello, Luigi. 1867-1936. Italian dramatist:Six Characters in Search of an Author 1921.

Planck, Max. 1858-1947. German physicist. Defined energy quantum 1900.

Pléiade, La. 16C. French Renaissance poets, aimed to enrich French language. Ronsard, Bellay, Belleau, Jodelle, Dorat, Baïf, Tyard.

Polytheism. Belief in multiple gods.

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