Waterloo, Battle. 1815. Final defeat of Napoleon by Wellington and Blücher.

Watteau, Antoine. 1684-1721. French painter known for color and naturalism. Embarcation for Cythera 1717.

Wattignies, Battle. 1793. Inexperienced French army defeats professional Austrians. French Revolution.

Welfs. 12C dynasty in Bavaria and Saxony defeated by Hohenstaufen. Guelfs.

Wellington, Duke of. 1769-1852. English general, victor at Waterloo. Prime Minister 1828-30.

West Indies Federation. Antigua, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserat, St Christopher-Nevis-Anguila, St Lucia, St Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago.

Westminster, Provisions of. 1259. Reenacted as Marlborough Statute 1267. Forced on Henry III by barons, limiting power. Barons War.

WFTU. Communist World Federation of Trade Unions. Formed 1945 from IFTU. 1949 Non-Communist ICFTU split off. 2002 vs globalization, privatization.

White House. 1792 US president’s Neoclassical residence by Hoban. Burned by British, 1814.

White Mountain, Battle. 1620. First battle of Thirty Years War. Catholic League defeats Bohemian nobles.

White Plains, Battle. 1776. Washington retreats before British advance.

Wilde, Oscar. 1854-1900. Irish writer. Imprisoned for homosexuality. “Art for art’s sake”. Dorian Gray 1891. Importance of Being Earnest 1895. Ballad of Reading Gaol 1898.

William I. The Conqueror. c1027-87. Norman conquest of England, 1066. Defeated Harold II at Hastings. Ordered Domesday Survey 1085. Built Tower of London 1086. Imported feudal system.

William III. 1650-1702. Prince of Orange 1672-. King of England with Mary II 1689-. Ended War of Grand Alliance 1697. Defeated James II at Battle of Boyne, reconquered Ireland 1690. Declared freedom of worship.

Windows. 12C Glass first used. 14C Mullioned (divided into panes). Tudor introduced bay and oriel. 18C curved bow windows.

Winkelried, Arnold von. -1386. Swiss hero of Sempach. Sacrificed himself to create a breach in the cavalry of Duke Leopold.

Winthrop, John. 1588-1649. English Governor of Massachussets Bay Colony 1629~48 as Theocracy.

Wittelsbach. Bavarian dynasty 1180-1918.

Wittelsbach, Otto von. Otto I of Greece.

Wittstock, Battle. 1636. Sweden defeats Holy Roman Empire in Thirty Years War.

Wolf, Hugo. 1860-1903. Austrian poet/song writer. Subtle interweaving of piano and vocal based on German, Spanish, Italian poems.

Wolfram von Eschenbach. 1170-1220. German lyric poet. Parsifal 1202.

Wood, John. 1704-54. English Palladian architect: Royal Crescent, Bath 1767.

Worcester, Battle. 1651. Cromwell defeats Royalists. Last revolt after English Civil War.

Wordsworth, William. 1770-1850. English Romantic lyric ballad Lake Poet. “Nature’s Priest”.

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