Scipio Africanus Major. 236-183BC. Roman general. Pushed Carthaginians from Spain. Defeated Hannibal at Zama 202.

Sea Lion, Operation. Battle of Britain.

Sebastapol, Siege. 1854. 11 mos. Allied Crimean War victory. First trench warfare. Florence Nightingale.

Sebastian, St. -288. Martyr. Survived arrows...beaten to death.

Sedan, Battle. 1870. Napoleon III surrenders to Germans. Ends second French Empire.

Sedgemoore, Battle. 1685. James II defeats Monmouth. Monmouth executed.

Semiramis. Assyrian queen, goddess. Founded Babylon.

Semite. Descended of Shem, Noah’s eldest son. Assyrians, Phoenicians, Israelites, Babylonians. Now: Jews, Arabs of S.W. Asia.

Sempach Battle. 1386. Swiss confederates defeat Austrian Duke Leopold, ensuring independence.

Senefelder, Alois. 1772-1834. Bavarian lithography inventor 1796.

Sennacherib. -681BC. Assyrian king. Besieged Jerusalem 701. Destroyed Babylon 689. Rebuilt Nineveh.

Seven Oaks Massacre. 1816. Northwest Company. agents kill 20 settlers in Red River rivalry with Hudson Bay Company. Settlement destroyed.

Seven Weeks War. 1866. Austro-Prussian War. Koniggratz.

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Pyramids 4700-2160BC. Mausolus Tomb 353BC. Artemis Temple at Ephesus c550BC. Hanging Gardens of Babylon 600BC. Colossus of Rhodes 280BC. Zeus Statue at Olympia 450BC. Lighthouse at Alexandria c282BC.

Shakers. 1747-. English celibate communal Quaker sect. 1774 moved to US.

Shawnee. American Indians from Ohio defeated at Tippecanoe. Resettled in Oklahoma.

Sheba. (Saba’). Biblical country in south Arabia. 10C BC Colonized Ethiopia. 2C BC Overrun by Persia. Bilqis, Queen of Sheba visited Solomon.

Shenandoah. Site of American Civil War battles 1861-5.

Sherman Silver Purchase Act. 1890-3. US increases silver purchases. Fears of gold standard abandonment started 1893 Panic.

Shiloh, Battle. 1862. Second American Civil War battle. No clear victor.

Shimabara Rebellion. 1637-8. Japanese Catholics vs taxes.

Shot Heard Around the World. 1775. Battle of Lexington and Concord beginning American Revolution.

Sigismund. 1368-1437. King of Hungary 1387-, Germans 1411-, Lombardy 1431-, HRE 1433-. Helped end Schism. Executed Huss.

Simony. Trading in church offices, sacred objects. Banned by Council of Chalcedon 451, and in England since Edward VI.

Sioux. Popular name for Dakota Confederation of American Indian tribes. Little Bighorn. Wounded Knee.

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