Patriarch. Christian bishops with jurisdiction over other bishops. 325 Rome. 692 Antioch. Alexandria, Constantinople, Jerusalem. 1598 Moscow.

Photius. c820-91. Patriarch of Constantinople 858~86. Began Great Schism controversy.

Porte, Sublime. Constantinople Ottoman government.

Sabbatal, Zevi. 1626-76. Jewish mystic. Failed march on Constantinople.

Theodosius II. 401-50. Emperor of Eastern Roman Empire 408-. Theodosian Code. University of Constantinople 425.

Trabzon Empire. 1204-1461. Independent Byzantine Empire after fall of Constantinople. Defeated by Ottomans.

Villehardouin, Geoffroi de. c1150-1213. French crusader/historian. Conquête de Constantinopole 1209.