Isidore of Seville, St. 560-636. Spanish bishop, encyclopedist. Etymologiae. De Natura Rerum.

Israel. Palestine. 1948. Republic proclaimed, recognized by US, UN. Jerusalem.

Israel, Lost Tribes of. 772BC. 10 tribes exiled. Unknown fate.

Israelites. -930BC. Descendants of Jacob. 930BC- Inhabitants of N Palestine vs Judah. Jews who are not Cohens or Levites.

Jacob. Old Testament. 3rd patriarch of 12 tribes of Israel. Grandson of Abraham. Son of Isaac. God changed name to Israel.

Jericho. c9000BC. First walled city. 2300BC Amorite. 1900BC Canaanite. c1300BC Israelites destroy.

Jericho, Battle. ~1300BC. Israelis under Joshua capture city.

Jeroboam. 10C BC. King of N Israel. Idol worshipper.

Jerusalem. 3500BC settled. c1000BC David conquers for Israel. 721BC Assyrians conquer. Lost Tribes. 586BC Nebuchadnezzar. 539BC Cyrus. 332BC Alexander...320BC Ptolemy I Soter. 197BC Seleucid. 167BC Hasmonaean. 63BC Rome. 324 Byzantine. 614 Persia. 637 Moslem. 1099 Crusades. Latin Kingdom. 1187 Saladin. 1260 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1917 British Mandate. 1949 Israel/Jordan. 1967 Israel re-unites. 1996 Israel/Palestinian Authority.

Jews. Individuals of Jewish parentage or Judaic religion. Descendents of Israelites who survived Babylonian Captivity. Hebrew.

Jordaens, Jacob. 1593-1678. Flemish painter. Boisterous scenes of peasant life. Allegory 1625.

Jordan. 13C BC Hebrew(W). 6C BC Nabataean(E). 4C Seleucid(N)/Ptolemy(S). 63BC Rome. 637 Moslem. 1918 British mandate, Hashimite kingdom. 1946 Independent Transjordan. 1949 = Jordan.

Judah. Judaea. Southern part of Kingdom of Israel.

Judah. Son of Jacob. Led 1 of 12 Tribes of Israel to Judah.

Julian Calendar. 45BC-1582. Julius Caesar’s 90 day correction to calendar. Changed to 365.25 day year. Corrected by Gregory. Christian Era.

Julius II. 1443-1513. Pope 1503-. Joined Holy League vs France. Patron of Michelangelo, Raphael. Swiss Guards.

Karman, Theodore von. 1881-1963. US mathematical aerodynamicist.

Kodály. 1882-1967. Hungarian composer and collector of folk melodies. Corpus Musicae 1951.

Korea. 1C BC Koguryo/Silla/Paekche kingdoms. 676 Silla unified. 935 Koryo dynasty. 1259-1368 Mongol. 1392-1910 Yi dynasty. 1592, 97 Japan invades. 1627, 36 China invades. 1904 Japan occupies. 1945 US/USSR occupies. 1948 Divided: Republic of Korea(S)/Democratic Peoples Republic(N).

Labour Party. 1888 Scotland. 1890 NZ. 1891 Australia. 1900 Britain. 1930 Israel. Founded by unions, Fabians for democratic change towards socialism. First UK MPs elected 1906. First UK Labour government 1924.

Laconia. 1400BC Mycenae. 1100 Dorian. 195BC Achaean L. 146BC Rome. 267 Visigoth. 587 Slavs. 805 Byzantine. 1829 Greece.

Laënnec, René. 1781-1826. French. Invented stethoscope 1819.

Laertes. King of Ithaca. Odysseus’ father.

Lebanese Civil War. 1975-91. Moslem PLO gain power over Phalangists. Lebanese National Pact. Israeli, Syrian intervention 1978-82.

Lebanese War. 1978-82. Israeli invasions vs PLO, Syria.

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